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’Adą́ą́dą́ą́’ísh tł’óo’di nanilnishgo nee ’ałní’ní’ą́?

yesterday-Q outside-at 2-work.CI-GO 2-with noon

*Nidlóóhísh doodaii’ doo sha’shin nidlóoh da?

2-cold.X-Q or NEG perhaps 2-cold.X-Q NEG

Chidí naat’a’í ’íinilaaígíí háajį’ ninít’a’?

airplane 3-2-make.P-ÍGÍÍ where-up.to 3-fly.P
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How far did the airplane that you built go when it flew?

Chidí naat’a’íísh hooghankáá’góó ch’ínísaal ’éí doodaii’ dziłghąą’góó daats’í?

airplane house-over-along over-3-fly.P TOP or mountain-attached-along perhaps

Chidíísh bee hólǫ́ doodago ni daats’í chidí nee hólǫ́?

car-Q 3-with 4-exist.N or 2 maybe car 2-with 4-exist.NI

Da’ ’ałní’ní’ą́ąjį’ tł’óo’di nishínílnish?

Q noon-until outside-at 2-work.P

Da’ chidíísh bee hólǫ́ doodaii’ ni daats’í chidí nee hólǫ́?

Q car-Q 3-with 4-exist.NI or 2 maybe car 2-with 4-exist.NI

Da’ dichinísh nínízin?

Q hunger-Q 2-feel.NI

Da’ Ron saad nináánéíłkaah ya’?

Q Ron word 3-3-investigate.I Q
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Ron’s investigating words again?

daats’í

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particle for perhaps

Dah díníilghaazhísh ’íilnilaa?

fry.bread-Q 3-2-make.P
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Did you make fry bread?

Díidí háísh bichidí?

this who-Q 3-car

Díí chąą’ shą’ háádę́ę́’ niníyęęzh?

this manure-Q where-from 3-ooze.P

Dííshą’ látsíní háádę́ę́’ naa ninídee’?

this-Q bracelet where-from 2-to 3-arrive.PlO.P

Díkwíí shą’ ninááhai?

how.many Q 2-winter.NI

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How old are you?

Ha’át’éegoshą’ ’ayóo náníldzid?

why-Q very 2-fear.I
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Why are you afraid?

Ha’át’íí shį́į́ biniinaa łééch’ąą’í nidahał’in.

what perhaps 3-because dog pl-3-bark.I

Ha’át’íísh Mary nayiisnii’?

What-Q Mary 3-to.buy.I
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What did Mary buy?

Ha’át’ííshą’ hastiin dóó ’at’ééd ’áyiilaa?

what-Q man and girl 3-3-make.P

listenloadingplayingSpeaker: Sharon J. NelsonlistenloadingplayingSpeaker: Linda Platero

What did the man and the girl make?

haa + Neuter V

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how / what V. The ’h’-expressions formed with ’haa’ plus a neuter verb are used to pose questions about “physical characteristics, quantity, and degree”.

haa nóolin

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what does it look like

Haa’ísh neezgai?

where-Q 3-hurt.N
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Where does it hurt?

Hahgo hooghan ’ádíílííł?

when hogan 3-2-make.F

Hahgo Jáan hooghan ’íílééh?

When John hogan 3-3-make.F
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When will John build a hogan?

Hastiin dóó ’at’ééd ha’át’íí lá ’áyiilaa?

man and girl what Q 3-3-make.P
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What did the man and the girl make?

há’at’é-P.ENCLITIC

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where. The expressions formed with ’há’at’é-’ either appear with a postpositional enclitic (also with the subordinating complementizer ’-go’, which we listed separately)

háadi

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where at

háá-P.ENCLITIC

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where. The expressions formed with ’háá-’ have a postpositional enclitic following them which indicates information about direction, location, or path.

Háágóó díníyá?

where-to 2-go.F

H lá bá nidáá’?

who Q 3-for 2-enemyway.ceremony

Háí lá sis łigai ’iił’įh

who-Q belt silver 3-3-make.U
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Who makes silver concho belts?

Háí shą’ b nanilnish?

who Q 3-with 2-work.I

Háísh yiską́ągo ’adoogis?

who-Q tomorrow 3-wash.F

Háágóósh díníyá?

where-to-Q 2-go.I
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Where are you going?

Mary ha’át’íí nayiisnii’?

Mary what 3-3-buy.P
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What did Mary buy?

Mary hádą́ą́’sh ’ólta’dę́ę́’ nádzá?

Mary when-past-Q school-from 3-return.P

Na’nízhoozhígóó náádínídzáago háadish ’adeeshį́į́ł nínízin?

Gallup-toward again-2-go.R-GO where-Q 1-eat-F 2-want.NI

Nádí daats’í ’éí doodaii’ nideezhí daats’í bááh ’íidoolííł?

older.sister perhaps or younger.sister perhaps bread 3-make.F
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Is your older sister or your younger sister going to make bread? / Maybe your older sister or your younger sister is going to make bread.

Nichidí háadish nííníłbą́ą́z?

2-car where-at-Q 3-2-park.P

Nichidí lá háadi nííníłbą́ą́z?

2-car where-at-Q 3-2-park.P

Nichidí háadish nííníłbą́ą́z?

2-car where-at-Q 3-2-park.P
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Where did you park your car?

Nidlóóhísh doodaii’ doo daats’í nidlóoh da?

2-cold.I-Q or neg perhaps 2-cold.I neg
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Are you cold or not?

Shééhonísinísh?

1-2-know.NI-Q
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Do you know me?

Tł’óodiísh t’ah ’áłchíní nidaané?

outside-Q still children pl-3-play.I
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Are the children still playing outside?

ya’

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particle for tag questions

Yiską́ągo Na’nízhoozhídi háadish ’adeeshį́į́ł ninízin?

tomorrow Gallup-at where-Q 2-eat.F 2-want.CI

Yiską́ągoósh ’adeestsił nínízingo bee na’anishí hasht’enilééh?

tomorrow-Q 1-make.F 2-want.NI-GO tool 3-2-prepare.I

“Shich’é’é baa shíni’" diníine’. T’ahdiísh t’áá ’ákónít’é?

1-daughter 3-about 1-mind 2-say.P still-Q just 2-well.NI