Nafe (Kwamera)

v mount, reach the summit of a hill, come out on top, be on top

Speaker: Martial wahe

v. cut bush for a garden, scratch (one’s head)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v. plant (certain plants such as taro, papaya, kava, sugarcane, manioc)

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

v/a level, flat (as ground)

Speaker: Martial wahe

v/a greasy, oily, shiny and sleek with hair pomade, grease, oil

Speaker: Martial wahe

v cheer, jeer (as a football team)

Speaker: Wahe Martial

v 1. sit, sit down; 2. be at, exist at

Speaker: Martial wahe

chew

Speaker: Martial Wahe

seawards

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. French

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v I dig taro’s bed for planting

(Bislama) mi tikim hol blo taro

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of yam, produces a tuber with white flesh and is easy to grow

Example: Has a spreading habit in the garden. The tuber is soft and easy to boil

Scientific name: Dioscorea spp., Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. kind of coconut with large ’eyes’

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

caterpillar, millipede

Speaker: Martial Wahe

you cooked taro

(Bislama) yu kukum taro.

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Speaker: Martial wahe

n shooting star

Speaker: Martial wahe

Mangrove red snapper, mangrove jack

Example: Photo by Sascha Schultz / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Lutjanus argentimaculatus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree with edible leaves

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

general term for fungus

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of seashell

Speaker: Martial Wahe

shelled coconut

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Broadbilled Flycatcher

Scientific name: Myiagra caledonica, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. epiphytic orchid on tree, growing in dense cloud forest. flowers white. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4219)

Example: The yellow seeds are used are used to paint faces. The use is currently practiced by children and thought to be an archaic use.

Scientific name: Dendrobium, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. pawpaw, papaya

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

Blacksaddle grouper (deep sea)

Example: Photo by J. E. Randall, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Epinephelus howlandi via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Orange-spotted grouper (deep sea)

Example: Photo by Ian Shaw / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Epinephelus coioides via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. liana growing on coconuts and ficus trees

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Flagellaria indica, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

Humpback grouper

Example: Photo by Richard Zerpe, License: CC BY 2.0 via Flickr

Scientific name: Cromileptes altivelis via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

tribe name

Speaker: Martial Wahe

num eight

Speaker: Martial Wahe

club, with serrated edges

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5166)

Example: For the kastom ceremonies, this can provide the face paint color yellow. Cut open the ripe fruit and paint directly with this. Prior to artificial colors, people used this for yellow and Bixa orellana for red to paint faces and skin.

Scientific name: Dendrobium, Speaker: Johnson Noar

backbone

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n lava bomb

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[kwanuwares] n. vine growing on macaranga and ficus trees, at edge of flowing stream. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3116)

Example: The stem of this plant is used for rope. Heat the stem over a fire, hang it outside to dry, this is said to last longer than metal wire. It is also used to tie sugar cane.

Scientific name: Lygodium reticulatum, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n my brain

Speaker: Martial wahe

anyone

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Ember parrotfish, redlip parrotfish

Example: Photo by Derek Keats, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Scarus rubroviolaceus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Lattice soldierfish, violet soldierfish

Example: Photo by Jeffrey T. Williams / Smithsonian Institution, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Myripristis violacea via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

Pinecone soldierfish, small-eyed squirrelfish

Example: Photo by Jeffrey T. Williams / Smithsonian Institution, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Myripristis murdjan via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

dorsal fin

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[na̤:nɨn] n. well branched tree, 8 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3086)

Example: The stems of this plant are one of the best firewoods; use the embers to light a person’s tobacco pipe. People know that when this plant has ripe fruit, it is time to hunt the flying fox near this tree.

Scientific name: Ficus cf. adenosperma, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n month name (archaic, corresponding to January)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[nakur] n. sparsely branched tree, 5-6 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3088)

Example: This plant is used as a medicine for throat infections. Take 2, 2" pieces of the leaf, chew and swallow the juice, spit out the fibers, 3x daily, for as long as the throat hurts.

Scientific name: Polyscias scutellaria, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. kind of banana

Speaker: Martial Wahe

coconut development stage 4

Example: falls down, rats eat it, used to feed pigs and chickens

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[namrami:ri] n. tree, 3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3001)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood. Construction: The timber of this plant is used to create any part of a house. It is considered a strong wood. Hunting: Pidgeons are attracted to this plant for their fruit. As a result, hunters gather around this plant when they desire to hunt the pidgeon.

Scientific name: Phyllanthus ciccoides, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

Black-and-White Snapper

Example: Photo by dachalan / Flickr, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Macolor niger via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

Midnight Snapper

Example: Photo by Richard Ling, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Macolor macularis via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. tree, 5-6 m h (collection: Laurence Ramon #318)

Scientific name: Ficus granatum, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

during fight

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[næhɨr] n. well branched tree, 10 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3111)

Example: People use trunk for houseposts as the stem is very straight. The stem also can be used for firewood.

Scientific name: Syzygium myriadenum, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. flowering shrub or tree

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Tabernaemontana pandacaqui, Speaker: Martial Wahe

[nate̤hi̤j] n. well branched tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3125)

Example: Children from Tanna and throughout Vanuatu use this plant to make a slingshot. As a "medicine," when chickens are ruining your garden, if you plant this plant it will chase away the chickens.

Scientific name: Ervatamia orientalis, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. epiphyte. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2624)

Example: 1. The plant is used entirely to produce grass skirts, known as raus. First the plant is retted in hot water and left to sun dry. Then portions of the plant are sewn together or draped over a waist band to form an ankle-length skirt.

Scientific name: Phlegmariurus oceanianus, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. well branched tree, 3-4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3037)

Example: Hunting: Flying foxes are known to eat the fruit of this tree. When the bats are desired, hunters will gather near this tree. Ceremonial: During kava preparation, chewed kava roots are placed on the green leaves of this plant before extracting. Many leaves are used for this purpose. Fuel: To make a fire, dried sticks are rubbed together on a plane of wood. The friction creates smoldering ash over time, useful for ingniting dried material.

Scientific name: Ficus septica, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

[nawes] n. tree to 6 m tall, dbh 40 cm (collection: Michael J. Balick #4740)

Example: Fruit used for local medicine. When a person is diagnosed with "cancer" in the local hospital, take a ripe fruit in a cup of water and macerate it until the smell of the fruit comes out in the water, drink every other day, 3x daily, morning noon and night. Also used for firewood.

Scientific name: Morinda citrifolia, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. tree, 5 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3026)

Example: Hunting: The wood of the tree is used, as the body of a spear, to hunt fishes and turtles. To fashion the spear, an appropriate length of wood is cut, debarked, heated (to straighten) and then topped with an iron point. Note: Iaruman is the name of the male form of this plant. Prane is the female form of this plant.

Scientific name: Rapanea amischocarpa, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

canoe parts: bailer

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. treelet, 1.5 to 2 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4243)

Example: 1. Known as the spirit of kava, the inner stem of young leaves can be eaten as bush fodder.

Scientific name: Macropiper latifolium, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5017)

Example: Collect young leaves and boil in water or fry it and eat as a cabbage. To cover fish for cooking, take petiole with many leaves and bend to cover fish and put in sauce pan. When cooked eat fish and leaves.

Scientific name: Polyscias cumingiana, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. terrestrial; leaves up to ca. 2-2.5 m long. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2616)

Scientific name: Calochlaena straminea, Speaker: Martial Wahe

creek

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of fern (collection: Michael J. Balick #5064)

Example: To treat burns, take 8 tips of this fern, chew it and put on as a poutltice on burn itself, leaving it for 2 days. This will dry the sore faster and heal it faster.

Scientific name: Pyrrosia lanceolata, Speaker: Johnson Noar

Red Jungle Fowl (female)

Example: Photo by Lip Kee, License: CC BY-SA 2.0 via Flickr

Scientific name: Gallus gallus, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of fern (collection: Michael J. Balick #5086)

Example: In ancient times during cyclone season when no food could be harvested, collect the stem and take the white flesh out of center, and bake in the ground oven. Young leaves cooked like island cabbage and eaten. 2 petiole put together and used to grate banana and fresh taro for cooking. Can split the trunk in pieces to make flooring for house. Nailed to joists/supports.

Scientific name: Sphaeropteris lunulata, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n my clavicle

Speaker: Martial wahe

his heart

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree (used for bows to hunt flying fox, and for traditional medicine), Goats like to eat the leaves.

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. mistletoe

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. fruit of nukwesi

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n earthquake

(Bislama) hedkwek

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. orange (tree)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n my body

Speaker: Martial wahe

n. kind of tree with scented bark, can be used for timber

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Fuscous Swallowtail

Example: Photo by obinfiji / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Papilio fuscus via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial wahe

Steephead parrotfish

Example: Photo by charlie20 / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Chlorurus microrhinos via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

Blue-spotted large-eye bream

Example: Photo by J. E. Randall, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Gymnocranius microdon via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

cousin (older mother’s sister’s child, older father’s brother’s child)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

good afternoon

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[ʰrawɨs] grass skirt

Speaker: Martial Wahe

chicken

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. father (my)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[rigai ~ ringgai] Great Frigatebird

Example: Photo by Diego Delso / Wikimedia Commons, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons

Scientific name: Fregata minor, Speaker: Martial Wahe

coconut stages, one through eight

Speaker: Martial Wahe

banana (general term)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[tanaka sori] thank you

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Thank you

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kava type

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. large herb, growing at edge of garden. bracts red. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3071)

Example: People use this to cover or wrap banana and cassava prior to cooking in a boiling pot; when the food is cooked the leaf is discarded. Flowers used for decoration. This is an imported cultivated plant.

Scientific name: Heliconia indica, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n nautilus shell. Possibly family Nautilidae

Example: Photo by K. David Harrison, Dec. 2017

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. house central post

Example: see more on Youtube

Speaker: Jean Eskar

n. bamboo (native species)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

rope

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[tʰãmijen] n. small tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2984)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood.

Scientific name: Pipturus argenteus, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

I feel pain in my belly

(Bislama) bel blo mi so

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. cutting of leaves or top portion of taro or sugarcane stalk set aside for replanting

Speaker: Martial Wahe

boiled coconut milk

Speaker: Martial Wahe

bed

Speaker: Martial Wahe