Nafe (Kwamera)

v light, illuminate, shine (as the sun), glitter

Speaker: Martial wahe

v crawl, walk carefully (as on a narrow path or cliff edge)

Speaker: Martial wahe

v. intransitive garden, work in a garden

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

v reflect, mirror, look in a mirror

Speaker: Wahe Martial

v. peel, cut skins off tubers

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

v. 1. dig (as with a spade), 2. sprout

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v 1. singe, burn (as hair off a pig), warm, dry by a fire; 2. cook (on a fire)

Speaker: Martial wahe

v lead (as an animal), tie a rope around to lead, drive, drive on

Speaker: Wahe Martial

v var. of -skwini

Speaker: Wahe Martial

v 1. trade, exchange (goods, blows); 2. fight with clubs)

Speaker: Martial wahe

enough hurt or killed children

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v. to clear away bush or brush, to scratch, claw, or carry away

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Tanna placename: a waterfall and pool near Mt. Merin and Tukusmera, said to be the origin of Tanna greenstone pendants

Speaker: Martial Wahe

morning star

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of turtle

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Iatukwei village

Speaker: Martial Wahe

buttocks

Speaker: Martial Wahe

a small mushroom, grows only on trees, edible when fried, not pliable, difficult to break by hand

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5109)

Example: To treat strong fever or flu, boil one handful of stem and leaves in 1 liter of water for 5 minutes. Drink this liquid warm, one cup a day for two days.

Scientific name: Mimosa pudica, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. Cassias, type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5110)

Example: Leaves fed to pig. Women string the seeds to make necklaces to sell. If the libido of a male is too strong ("bamboo is too strong"), mix juice from leaves and mix with 1/2 L water and drink 2 cups 1 day.

Scientific name: Leucaena leucocephala, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

Teal Emo Skink

Example: Photo by flecksy / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Emoia cyanogaster via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial wahe

n. type of fern (collection: Michael J. Balick #5073)

Example: To treat scabies, collect 5 whole plants, remove the soil, then boil in a bucket of water for 10-20 min and wash the scabies 2x daily for 2 weeks or until the scabies is dry.

Scientific name: Adiantum, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

stone wall

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Kawiameta moiety

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Starspotted grouper (deep sea)

Example: Photo by ANFC, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Epinephelus hexagonatus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. subshrub, 75 cm tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3236)

Example: This plant is used as a source of fiber to make grass skirts. Gather a lot of stems, place in seawater with a stone on top (the process known as retting) for one month. Collect the stems, pull off the bark and remove the fiber, allowing it to dry in the sun until it bleaches white, when it can be woven into the traditional grass skirt.

Scientific name: Urena lobata, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. bowstring made from slender banyan tree aerial root

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. large, well branched tree (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4245)

Example: 1. The fruits are chewed for their juice and the remainder spit out. Locals refer to this as drinking the fruit. 2. The wood of the tree can be used as a post or rafter in either western-style or traditional style homes. 3. When in flower it is considered an appropriate time to clear a garden path for planting. When in fruit, it is time to plant yams in one’s garden.

Scientific name: Garcinia pseudoguttifera, Speaker: Martial Wahe

spear becket

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of shellfish

Scientific name: Trochidae sp.?, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. a fruit with yellow skin and red seeds, edible, grows on low vines

Speaker: Martial Wahe

ladder (Bislama)

(Bislama) lata

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. mango

(Bislama) magko

Scientific name: Bislama, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. kind of fern (var. of nƗnhupwi)

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

Tripletail wrasse

Example: Photo by John Turnbull, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Cheilinus trilobatus via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5078)

Example: To treat indigestion, take 5 roots from 5 different plants, clean, grate into 600mL bottle of water. Drink one bottle twice daily. In Tanna, people use this plant to make rain, thunder, or to stop the rain. To make rain, take a big pile of this plant’s leaves, tie them in a bundle with a rope, and put into the sea. When the leaves start rotting, usually after one week, the rain will come.

Scientific name: Zingiber zerumbet, Speaker: Johnson Noar

Carolines parrotfish, stareye parrotfish

Example: Photo by Dennis Polack / FishWise Professional, License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Calotomus carolinus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Spotted parrotfish (deep sea)

Example: Photo by Richard Ling, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Cetoscarus ocellatus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

[na̤:nɨn] n. well branched tree, 8 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3086)

Example: The stems of this plant are one of the best firewoods; use the embers to light a person’s tobacco pipe. People know that when this plant has ripe fruit, it is time to hunt the flying fox near this tree.

Scientific name: Ficus cf. adenosperma, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n month name (archaic, corresponding to January)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5112)

Example: To make rain, take four branches, mixed with Zingiber zerumbet (5078). Leave for one week until it rots and smells bad. Move it to the land and it will rain. Leaf is used to stop lightning and thunder. Take four leaves mash, cut a forked stick of Natchy (5019) take outer bark off, put in fire to warm it, wrap with leaf, put in ffront of you in ground and when lightning is coming break off the fork and the thunder will stop. Children eat the fruits.

Scientific name: Maesa ambrymensis, Speaker: Johnson Noar

names

(Bislama) nem blo hem

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

protective magic

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5156)

Example: This is female type. MJB 5068 is male type. When person has diarrhea with blood (dysentry) take a double handful of leaves and mash them in 2 liter water, boil, drink warm 1 cup 3x day until the condition goes away. Stem used for roofing- attac hes to the rafters so thatching and leaves can be attached.

Scientific name: Polyscias schmidii, Speaker: Johnson Noar

cousin (mother’s brother’s child)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

coconut stage, general name for coconut

Speaker: Martial Wahe

time

(Bislama) time

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n lava flow

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[nahrɨr] n. tree, 10 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2993)

Example: Construction: The timber of this plant is used as a hardwood for any part of a house. Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood. Hunting: Pidgeons are known to eat the fruit of this plant. As a result, hunters will cluster about these trees to hunt this animal.

Scientific name: Syzygium myriadenum, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

tattoo

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. well branched tree, 10-12 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3032)

Example: Construction: The wood of this tree is used as timber wood. Hunting: Flying foxes are known to eat the fruits of this tree. If they are desired, hunters will gather near the tree when fruits are in season. Food: The ripe fruits (black) are consumed occassionally.

Scientific name: Syzygium kajewskii, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n my vein

Speaker: Martial wahe

High Hill

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5067)

Example: Stem to make house posts. Put fruits in with sweet potato when planting to enable the sweet potato to yield a good crop.

Scientific name: Macaranga, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. poison tree, can be used as medicine, or to kill a person

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[naka̤ri̤təŋ] n. tree, growing in disturbed forest/garden area. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3107)

Example: Used to trap birds. Cut the stem of this plant and collect the sap. Take a small vine locally known as Nanupi, and roll the vine into a ball, infuse it with white latex which then turns brown, put it in a papaya or banana tree--when a bird comes to feed on the fruit of those trees, it gets stuck to the ball and can’t leave. This is good for harvesting small birds to be eaten.

Scientific name: Ochrosia, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5042)

Example: Leaf used to feed pigs--when looking for dried coconuts, gather this. The seeds are edible put them directly on fire and cook for 3-5 minutes.

Scientific name: Canavalia rosea, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. dragon plum

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. leaf

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. house

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. shrub, 2.5-3 m tall

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Evodia hortensis, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

arrow

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5083)

Example: Wood is hard, making it good for canoe making. Also used to make the stick that holds outrigger to canoe (Nikiavet).

Scientific name: Vitex trifolia, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. epiphyte on syzygium myriadenum, outside of transect. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2608)

Example: 1. A locally revered kestrel, known as tikurkak, makes its bed with the fronds of this fern.

Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. type of fern (collection: Michael J. Balick #5142)

Example: Children collect young leaves to decorate their exercise books in school. If a person does not want to get too drunk on kava, they will chew 3 leaves before drinking, and spit out remains while swallowing the juice. This plant has the power to reduce effects of Kava.

Scientific name: Adiantum diaphanum, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree, Bislama: ’milk tree’

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree

(Bislama) navenu

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

flat coral

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. ordinary kava

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kava shoot with a double sprout

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[nəkwa̤j reje] n. small tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3132), used to make fishing spears, and used to make small house posts that support thatch roof

Example: Straight stem used for spear shaft

Scientific name: Tapeinosperma, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe, Martial Wahe

heart

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of kava with crinkled leaves

Speaker: Martial Wahe

big fish

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree with small green fruit

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Australian Lurcher

Example: Photo by birdexplorers / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Yoma sabina via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial Wahe

middle finger

Speaker: Martial Wahe

how are you?

(Bislama) osem wanem yufala oraet ?

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n my incisor (tooth)

Speaker: Martial wahe

[rɨŋkew] n. understory tree growing in area of Ianarawia ("high hill") settlement (village of Philip Wahe). (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3154)

Example: This tree is poisonous to goats, cattle-if they eat it they will die. The wood is used to make rafters for houses as well as burned as firewood.

Scientific name: Trema cannabina, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n my nostril

Speaker: Martial wahe

Striped Phyllidopsis

Example: Photo by eschlogl / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Phyllidiopsis xishaensis via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial wahe

n wind direction (SSE)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kinds of yam. There are two types of this variety—with either red or white flesh

Example: When cooked, as with many yams, children love to eat this variety as it is soft and sweet

Scientific name: Dioscorea spp., Speaker: Johnson Noar

n my stomach

Speaker: Martial wahe

I am braiding coconut rope

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Fiji taro

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n my lips

Speaker: Martial wahe

Marr’s Fusilier, Twinstripe Fusilier

Example: Photo by Lesley Clements / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Pterocaesio marri via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. inalienable skin, husk, covering, wrapping, shell, bark; empty shell

Speaker: Martial Wahe

tomorrow

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. inalienable sprout, shoot (of a plant which sends up multiple sprouts such as kava, banana, bamboo, etc.)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[tʰãmijen] n. small tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2984)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood.

Scientific name: Pipturus argenteus, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n womb

Speaker: Lindstrom 1986

n a type of sea worm

Speaker: Martial Wahe

echo

Speaker: Martial Wahe

cockroach

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Blue trevally (male)

Example: Photo by ANFC, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Carangoides ferdau via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5020)

Example: To treat flu take, a handful of leaves and squeeze them into a cup. Add water, and give to the sick person to drink. Takethis mixture once in the morning and once in the afternoon for two to three days to treat the flue. One can also take four pieces of the stem, about teo to 3 inches ling, chew, and spit juice onto the sick person’s whole body. 1 cup am/ 1 cup afternoon. 2-3 days to treat flu. Take 4 pieces of stem 2-3" long, chew and spit on stick on sick person, spit on whole body. 2x day, 2-3 days as for cup morn and afternoon. Spit helps to chase evil spirit out of body. Common

Scientific name: Bidens pilosa, Speaker: Martial Wahe