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Hííłch’į’go ’índa ta’iideeshnih.
evening.GO until 1-mix.dough.F’Adą́ą́dą́ą́’ shá bíighah ’atah ’adishdiłgo ’i’íí’ą́.
yesterday 1-for 3-passing down 1-play.stick.dice.RI-GO evening’Ahbínídą́ą́’ t’áadoo ’ííyą́ą́’góó biniinaa wónáásdóó sitsiits’iin diniih.
morning-past neg 1-eat.P-GO.NEG because soon 1-head 3-ache.CI
listen
I didn’t eat this morning, so my head is aching.
bookmark- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’ashą́ eatfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- díníshniih ache, be in painfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’ahbínídą́ą́’ this morning
- -niinaa because of, on account offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
’Ahbínídą́ą́’ t’óó ’ahodiyeeshdláałgo biniinaa ’ólta’di doo hah níyáa da.
morning-past with pretend-1-move.Prog-GO 3-because school-at NEG quickly 1-go.P NEG’Aoo’, shí dó’ t’áá ’ákwíinisin.
yes 1 also just 1-think.so.NI’Atsį’ t’éiyá nahidoonih lágo naalyéhé bá hooghangóó ’o’oolwod nít’éé’ da’deelkaal lá.
meat only 3-buy.F DISC-GO trading post-toward 3-drive.P past 3-close.P DISC
listen
They drove to the trading post to buy only meat but it was closed.
bookmark- t’éiyá only
- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- nahashniih buy, sellfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- lá + go discovery + adverbializerfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- -góó to, toward, along, on, with a numeral it indicates a datefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Progressive (Prog)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’oolwoł drivefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- lá I discoveredfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
’ałdó’
’Ałk’idą́ą́’ ’ayóo nahałtin ńt’éé’.
long.ago very areal-rain.I past’Ałk’idą́ą́’ dahane’ yę́ę k’ad ’índa baa nídahane’.
past pl-3.tell.story.I old now until.now 3-for pl-3.tell.story.ICh’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ Diné Bizaad naalkaah doo shił bééhózin da. K’ad éí t’áá shxǫǫd shił báá hózin.
formerly Navajo language research NEG 1-with 3-of ho-know.CI NEG | now TOP luckily 1-with 3-about-ho-know.CI
listen
From the beginning, I didn’t know about Navajo linguistics. Now I’m finally able to understand it.
bookmark- bééhózin there is knowledgefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ch’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ formerly, originally
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- k’ad now
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- bééhózin there is knowledgefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
Ch’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ Diné Bizaad t’éiyá bee yádeilti’ nít’ę́ę́’.
formerly Navajo language only 3-with pl-3-speak.I pastChizh ła’ yah ’aníjááh.
firewood some in 2-bring.IChʼééh jiyáán doo łikan da, wóóyą́ą́ʼ.
watermelon NEG sweet NEG 3-3-eat.ODibé bits’į́’ daodą́ą́’ laanaa.
sheep 3-meat pl-3-1dpl-eat.O LAANAADibé yah ánádanołkaad!
sheep inside semelit-pl-2pl-gather.RDibé yázhi bimá doo boosáni da, biʼnootsaał.
sheep little 3-mother NEG 3-love.I NEG 3-starve.ODichin bik’ee doo bííchįįd da.
hunger 3-account neg 3-become.hopeless.P negDiné k’asdą́ą́’ t’áá ’ałtso bichidí dahólǫ́ dííshjį́į́góó.
person nearly everyone 3-car pl-exist.N nowadaysDoo choshijooł’į́į́’ le’ ’át’éégóó shił hóyéé’.
NEG 3-1-make.use.O proof.against-NEG 1-with lazy.NIDoo kingóó diit’ash da.
NEG town-to 1dpl-go.du.Prog NEG
listen
Let’s not go to town.
bookmark- Proposal with negationfind in Navajo Imperatives
- 1st person inclusive, Let’s!find in Navajo Imperatives
- Progressivefind in Navajo Imperatives
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
- -góó to, toward, along, on, with a numeral it indicates a datefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Progressive (Prog)find in Navajo Verb Modes
Doo nídahiyoołnaah da.
neg pl-3-2dpl-resuscitate.I negDoo t’áá k’ad ’ííłta’ da.
NEG just now 1-go.school.P NEGDoo yéé shaa dinílwodí ’ats’in shį́į́ t’éiyá bik’ííníyáá nít’éé’.
DOO YÉÉ 1-to 2-run.P-Í bone possibly only 3-on-2-find.PDoo łá’í ndi naash’áa da.
NEG one but 3-1-hold.SRO.CI NEGDziłghą́’ą́ bizaad diists’a’ laanaa.
White.Mountain.Apache 3-language 1-understand.NI wishDííshjį́įdi, tsididįįjį’ nihinaanish dahólǫ́ǫgo biniinaa ’ádaa ńdeii’nah.
these-days-at overwhelmed 2pl-work pl-there-exist.NI-GO 3-because RFLX pl-1dpl-forget.Rhaahláyéé
Haidą́ą́’ ’a’áán góne’ naashnish ńt’éé’ --- doo shił yá’áhoot’éeh da.
winter-past mine.shaft 1-work.I past NEG 1-with 3-good.N NEG
listen
I worked in the mine (shaft) last year and I didn’t like it.
bookmark- -dą́ą́’ past timefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -ne’ behindfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- naashnish workfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- ńt’éé’ relates to past time
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
Hooghan bikáá’ dah si’ánígíí bíyah da’nii’áago ’ádíílį́į́ł ’áko hooghan doo ’ałhiih nídoołdas da.
hogan 3-on up 3-sit.SPN-ÍGÍÍ 3-under pl-3-extend.NP-GO 3-2-make.F so hogan NEG RECIP-3-collapse.F NEG
listen
Use strong pillars to build the hogan so that the roof will not cave in.
bookmark- -káá’ on, on top offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- dah up at an elevation, off, static, holding
- Si-Perfective Neuter (SPN)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- -yah under, beneathfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Neuter Perfective (NP)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- -go verb and subordinating enclitic
- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’áko so, so that, so thenfind in Navajo Conjunction Lexicon
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
K’ad ’ałníí’góó ’eeshtł’óół doo yę́ę ła’ damóo yę́ędą́ą́’ t’áadoo ’asétł’ǫ́ǫ da.
now half-toward 1-weave.Prog future past one Sunday when.past NEG 1-weave.P NEG
listen
I could have been halfway through weaving, but last week I didn’t weave at all.
bookmark- Progressive (Prog)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’ashtł’ó weavefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’ashtł’ó weavefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- k’ad now
- -góó to, toward, along, on, with a numeral it indicates a datefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- goal
- -dą́ą́’ past timefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- time
- yę́ędą́ą́’ pastfind in Navajo Conjunction Lexicon
k’adę́ę ... lágo
Kintahdę́ę́’ hahí néínídzáá lá.
town-from quickly 2-return.P DISCNa’níle’dii kingóó niséyá, naaltsoos t’áadoo niigį́į da.
dismay store-to 1-go.P mail NEG 3-pass-deliver.LPB.P NEG
listen
I went to the store, only to find the mail had not been delivered.
bookmark- na’ńle’dii unfortunatelyfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- -góó to, toward, along, on, with a numeral it indicates a datefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- t’áadoo not
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- da expresses negationfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
Níwe, doo ch’il bikáá’ nijigháa da!
stop NEG plant 3-on 3-4-walk.I NEGShicheii t’áá ’íiyisíí hastihgo biniinaa kónááhoot’éhí doo na’ádódlíi da.
1-grandfather very 3-old.N-GO because next.year NEG 3-expect.live.NP NEGShichidí t’ahdii yá’át’ééh, ’át’ah ’índa ła’ ninááhideeshnih.
1-car still 3-good.N later one again-3-1-buy.FShilééchąą yázhí shikéé’ yildlosh ńt’éé’ hashtł’ish yiih yildloozh.
1-dog little 1-behind 3-walk.Prog past mud 3-into 3-walk.PShí hanii t’éiyá Naasht’ézhí bizaad shił bééhózin.
I contrary only English 3-language 1-with 3-know.PShínaaí chidí bił dah diilwodgo bizánághah góne’ łeezh ’adzíísi’.
older.brother car 3-with up 3-run.I-GO 3-around areal-in dust 3-trail.PShínaaí shíká ’adoolwoł nisin ńt’éé’ ’áłt’ąą t’áadoo níyáa da.
1-older.brother 1-for 3-run.F 1-want.NI but after.all NEG 3-come.sg.P NEG
listen
I wanted my older brother to help me but unfortunately he didn’t come.
bookmark- -ká after, forfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- benefactive
- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- yishwoł run alongfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- Neuter Imperfective (NI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- nisin think, wantfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ńt’éé’ relates to past time
- ’áłt’ąą after all
- t’áadoo not
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- nishááh come, arrivefind in Navajo Verb Modes




