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’Ak’ah ła’ dishhį́įhgo baa naashá.
lard some 3-1-melt.I 3-to 1-go.CI’Ahbínídą́ą́’ hashbį’go baa nídiisdzá ’ákondi t’áadoo ’áłtso da.
morning-past 1-clear.I-GO 3-for 1-start.P however NEG complete NEG
listen
Even though I started clearing the land this morning I didn’t finish.
bookmark- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- hashbį’ clear the landfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ńdiishdááh startfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’ahbínídą́ą́’ this morning
- -dą́ą́’ past timefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- time
- -aa tofind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- goal
’Awééh kweʼé ninishteeh, adaʼoogeeh.
baby here 3-carry.AnO.I 3-fall.O’Ayóigo deesk’aaz --- ’áyąą dah dinítsiz.
terribly cold no.wonder up 2-shiver.NI’Ayóo łį́į́’ shił naalgeed diní, ’ííshją́ą́shį́į́ díí łį́į́chogii bikáá’ dah ńdaah!
very horse 1-with 3-buck.CI 3-2-say.NI lets.see this stallion 3-on up 2-sit.I’Ałk’idą́ą́’ shimá bił na’nishkaadgo ’aghaa’ yisdizígíí dibé yázhí yichíihgo yizénéíłt’ih.
long ago 1-mother 3-with SUP-1-herd.I-GO wool 3-spin.P-ígíí lamb 3-birth.P-GO 3-neck-around-3-tie.P
listen
Long ago, while herding sheep with my mother, she used to tie a yarn around the newborn lamb’s neck.
bookmark- ’ałk’idą́ą́’ long ago, formerly
- -dą́ą́’ past timefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- na’nishkaad herd, go out herdingfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- -go verb and subordinating enclitic
- -go verb and subordinating enclitic
’Ałk’idą́ą́’ tł’oh naadą́ą́’ dant’į́įhgo łį́į́’ doodaii’ béégashii da há hada’ał’éés ńt’éé’.
long.ago grass corn 3-ripen.I-GO horse or cow etc. 4-for 3-stomp.I pastCh’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ Bilagáanaa Bizaad doo diists’a’ da. K’ad éí t’ááshxǫǫd t’áá bee yáshti’.
formerly English NEG 1-understand.I NEG | now TOP at.least just 3-with 1-speak.ICh’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ Diné Bizaad naalkaah doo shił bééhózin da. K’ad éí t’áá shxǫǫd shił báá hózin.
formerly Navajo language research NEG 1-with 3-of ho-know.CI NEG | now TOP luckily 1-with 3-about-ho-know.CI
listen
From the beginning, I didn’t know about Navajo linguistics. Now I’m finally able to understand it.
bookmark- bééhózin there is knowledgefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ch’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ formerly, originally
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- k’ad now
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- bééhózin there is knowledgefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
Ch’į́į́góó ch’ééh ’oolá bíká tá’diigeed.
without.sucess in.vain gold 3-for 1-dig.PChidí bitooʼ ʼásdįįdgo doo diitsʼį́į da dooleeł.
truck 3-gas 3-exhaust.NP-GO NEG 3-start.I NEG 3-become.FDa’ ’áájí ’ałdó’ ’áłah ’azlį́į́’?
Q that-side also meeting 1-happen.Pdaats’í
Dibé bits’į́’ daodą́ą́’ lágo.
sheep 3-meat pl-3-1dpl-eat.O LÁGODibé yázhí ła’ yóó’ ’ííyáá ńt’ę́ę́’ tsiyi’di bik’íníyá.
lamb one away 3-go.P past forest-at 3-find.it.PDibé ła’ yóó’ ’íínilgo k’adę́ę ’e’e’aahgo ch’ééh bíká naanááshwoł.
sheep some away 3-1-lose.P-GO almost evening in.vain 3-after 1-run.around.Pdoo ’ashohodoobéézhgóó
Doo ’atiin bąąhgóó ch’il ’ahwééh ’áłah ’ájíléeh da.
NEG road 3-beside-along plant coffee together 3-4-gather.SFO.I NEG
listen
Don’t gather tea along the roadside.
bookmark- Indirect command with negationfind in Navajo Imperatives
- 4th person admonition, negative, Imperfectivefind in Navajo Imperatives
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
- -ąąh on, besidefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- location
- -góó to, toward, along, on, with a numeral it indicates a datefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
Doo deighánígóó łeeyi’ ’azhnígeed.
NEG far ground-inside 3-4-dig.PGohwééh doo ndi łikan da.
coffee NEG but 3-taste-good.NI NEGHaidą́ą́’ ’a’áán góne’ naashnish ńt’éé’ --- doo shił yá’áhoot’éeh da.
winter-past mine.shaft 1-work.I past NEG 1-with area-good.N NEG
listen
While I was working in the mine (shaft) last year and I didn’t like it (inside the place).
bookmark- -dą́ą́’ past timefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -ne’ behindfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- naashnish workfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ńt’éé’ relates to past time
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
Hastiin ’éí tsídii ła’ ’adah ’ayídzíí’ą́.
man TOP bird INDEF down 3-3-knock.off.SRO.PHágoónee’, t’áá ’ákódí shahane’.
well that’s.all 1-storyLáshdóón chidí bídadiiltłʼółígíí k’ad hashtʼe dadiilnííł.
ribbon car 3-dist.pl-3-tie.F-ÍGÍÍ now prepare 3-1pl-make.FMósí ch’óółt’e’ lágo.
cat out-3-2-carry.O LÁGONá’oolkiłí sits’ą́ą́’ tanáóó’nił lágo!
watch 1-away 3-1-take.apart.O don’tNáá’íídéeshtah nisin doodago t’óó siláogóó deeshááł.
again-1-go.school.F 1-want or merely military-to 1-go.FNáás heesháałgo chidí bine’ ’ííyá.
forward 1-step.Prog-GO car 3-behind 1-go.PNáńsdzáago t’áá ’íídą́ą́’ ’ííníyą́ą’ dooleeł.
back-1-go.sg.P-GO just already INDEF-2-eat.P FUTNimá yázhí bighangóó díílwoł dóó ’áájí ’awéé’ baa ’áhólyą́ą dooleeł.
your aunt 3-house-to 2-run-and that-way baby 3-for 2-care.CI FUT
listen
Go to your aunt’s house and take care of the baby over there.
bookmark- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- yishwoł run alongfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- -jí on the side of, in the direction of, in the manner offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- goal
- -aa tofind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- benefactive
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’áháshyą́ carefind in Navajo Verb Modes
- dooleeł future
Nizhéʼé nilą́ąjįʼ yigáałgo bikééʼ yilwoł.
2-father 2-in.front-to 3-walk.Prog-GO 3-behind 2-run.Prog
listen
Run along behind your father as he walks ahead of you.
bookmark- Command, affirmativefind in Navajo Imperatives
- Progressivefind in Navajo Imperatives
- -go verb and subordinating enclitic
- -jį́’ up to, as far asfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -kéé’ behind, followingfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Progressive (Prog)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- yishwoł run alongfind in Navajo Verb Modes
Níwe, tʼáádoo łééchąąʼí nánítałʼí.
stop NEG dog 3-2-kicking.R.NEGShichidí t’ahdii yá’át’ééh, ’át’ah ’índa ła’ ninááhideeshnih.
1-car still 3-good.NI later one again-3-1-buy.FShilį́į́’ doo dah didíłdąsh da.
1-horse NEG up start-3-2.jerk.F NEGShitah honeezgaigo, doo naashnish da dooleeł.
1-body 3-pain.P-GO NEG 1-work.I NEG 3-become.FShizhé’é mósí néidiiłts’in ńt’éé’ biyaa haalwodgo ná’ádoolts’in.
1-father cat 3-3-act.with.fist.P past 3-under 3-go.P-GO REFL-3-act.with.fist.PShízhe’é yéeni’ ’ayóó ’iiná bee nanihizhneeztą́ą́’.
1-father past-deceased very life 3-with 1pl-4-teach.PT’áadoo hadahooł’áhí.
neg pl-3s-2dpl-make.noise.NP-ÍT’áadoo yaa nidanoht’áhí.
NEG down pl-3-2dpl-put.SRO.I-ÍT’áá ’ałkéé’ ’azee’ííł’íní bił yah ’adahaadzá.
just one-behind-another doctor 3-with 3-in 1Dist-4-go.IT’áá ’ákwíízhíní tó dah siyínígóó ’ałnánáshdááh.
every summer lake-toward again-1-go.Rt’áá gééd
Tsinaabąąs bikáá’dę́ę́’ t’áá ’ałkéé’ ’adahaago’ ndeii’néego.
wagon 3-top-from just one-after-another down-1Pl-fall.P 3Pl-play.CI-GO.CIYiską́ągo díí doo ’íídííłtah da. (K’ad tsxíiłgo ’ííníłta’.)
tomorrow this NEG 3-2-read.F NEG (now quickly 3-2-read.I)
listen
Don’t read this tomorrow. (Read it now.)
bookmark- Command, negativefind in Navajo Imperatives
- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- Command, affirmativefind in Navajo Imperatives
- Imperfectivefind in Navajo Imperatives
- yiską́ągo tomorrow
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrases
- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- k’ad now
- tsxį́įłgo quickly, fast
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes




