Futuna-Aniwa

n a kind of tree, the root produces a spice

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n a plant, root is used to make yellow dye

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

[doua] n arrowroot

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

n pawpaw, papaya

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5228)

Example: Photo by raboul / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC. This plant can "call the snake." Hold the leaf between 2 fingers and pull down along the length of the leaf--it sounds like a snake so the snake comes. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Dianella ensifolia

[ɸakau sore] Said to be the oldest tree on the island, the first tree. It grows slowly and grows nowhere else. Cutting this tree is not allowed.

Speaker: Ausdin Jackson

n hibiscus tree

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

[ɸau] n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5054)

Example: Mature stems used for house posts. Take young shoots, strip bark, ret in sea for 1-2 weeks. Take out, separate and clean fiber, dry in sun for 3-4 days. Then weave grass skirt, for women and used ceremonially. In older times, this skirt was used in gardening. Can also use this fiber as handle for Pandanus baskets.

Scientific name: Hibiscus tilliaceus, Speaker: Ausdin Jackson

[ɸeimama] n. tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4178)

Example: This is a source of house posts for temporary houses. The young stick split in half, and is used to grasp hot stones in earth oven.

Scientific name: Macaranga dioica, Speaker: Takaroga Kuautonga

n immature coconut whose husk and meat are still soft

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. Tree to 10 m, dbh 30 cm. (collection: Michael J. Balick #5213)

Example: The stems of this tree are good for firewood. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Ficus

[ɸoi’ata] n. banyan-forming fig tree, 5 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4183)

Example: The fiber of this plant is used as a rope. Collect the young shoots, strip off bark and use fresh as a rope, especially to tie and carry baskets or firewood. The birds eat fruits; hunters know this and they hunt there.

Scientific name: Ficus aspera, Speaker: Takaroga Kuautonga

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5259)

Example: Photo by jcorrie / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Macroptilium lathyroides

n fruit (includes nuts and berries)

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n sweet potato

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

n central stalk of a plant or fruit

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n black banana

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n grass

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n shrubs and herbaceous plants; small plant life

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n reed, wild cane

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

[ŋasau] wild cane

Speaker: Ausdin Jackson

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5226)

Example: The stems of this grass are tied together and woven to make the wall of a traditional house. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Miscanthus sinensis

n green coconut for drinking

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n yams cooked and eaten in planting ceremonies

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n roots

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n chestnut

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

n Malay Apple tree, Rose apple tree

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n root

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n wild yam

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

[kamoni] A vine with yellow flowers that grows on the beach. Tied to the Popokiga fishing song.

Example: Photo by K. David Harrison, Dec. 2017

Speaker: Anselon Seru

n bean

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

[kamoni tai] n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5058)

Scientific name: Canavalia, Speaker: Ausdin Jackson

n a soft grass

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5251)

Example: Photo by pl_stenger / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Abutilon indicum

n a fruit tree which bears a small fruit with a single seed

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n stalk of banana

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n poisonous vine, hemlock

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. Tree to 20 m, dbh 4 cm. (collection: Michael J. Balick #5218)

Example: The thin stems of this plant are used to make a fishing rod. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Bambusa vulgaris

n sweet potato sp.

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n bush

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n bean

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n native cabbage

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5231)

Example: The stem of this tree is good for making house posts as well as used for firewood. The leaves are also used as plates for holding food. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Macaranga tanarius

n tree sp.

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5241)

Example: Planted as an ornamental, for shade (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Diospyros

[kouhmara] n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5057)

Example: Unspecified medicinal use.

Scientific name: Abutilon, Speaker: Ausdin Jackson

[koʋkaʋatua] n. treelet, 2-3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4184)

Scientific name: Macropiper latifolium, Speaker: Takaroga Kuautonga

n fig

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

[maʃi ra hŋu] n. small tree, 3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4153)

Example: A Y-branch (forked wood) to make a slingshot, and also to make an arrowhead for an arrow to shoot bird.

Scientific name: Tabernaemontana, Speaker: Takaronga Kuautonga

[makaka] n. terrestrial; leaves up to 0.75 m; common. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2525)

Scientific name: Selaginella rechingeri, Speaker: Anselon Seru

[mataŋi] n. epiphyte. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2526)

Scientific name: Aglaomorpha rigidula, Speaker: Anselon Seru

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5237)

Example: Name means "thick leaves." This is an ornamental plant introduced by the missionaries. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Kalanchoe pinnata

n vine

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n cluster of coconuts

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n tree sp. with inedible spherical fruit

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5234)

Example: (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74), Samuel Seru (male, 31))

Scientific name: Pittosporum aneityense

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5247)

Example: The stem of this tree is used for firewood. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

n plant sp. which can create antidote to poisonous fish spines

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5261)

Example: (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Ageratum conyzoides

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5233)

Example: Birds eat this fruit. Hunters know this and hunt near this tree when the fruits are ripe. Second use contributed by Samuel Seru. To treat gonorrhea. Scrape inner bark of the stem to fill 1/3 of a cup. Then fill with cool water and drink 1 x daily for 5 days in the morning. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74), Samuel Seru (male, 31))

Scientific name: Ficus

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5235)

Example: The stem of this tree is good for firewood. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74), Samuel Seru (male, 31))

Scientific name: Myrsine

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5224)

Example: The stems of this tree are used to make firewood. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Phyllanthus ciccoides

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5273)

Example: Stems of this species are used for house posts and for firewood. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Glochidion ramiflorum

n mint plant

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n a native cabbage

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5223)

Example: This plant is used to make a head decoration for kastom ceremony. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Lygodium reticulatum

n tree sp. with berry-like fruit from which glue is made

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

[nasijau] n. small tree, 3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4150)

Example: Houseposts, strong wood lasts 7-8 years in the ground. Use the small wood to make a bow and arrow as well as when it is young and straight to make a spear handle. The young wood is flexible and is used to make the circular part of a flying fish net.

Scientific name: Croton insularis, Speaker: Takaronga Kuautonga

[natehmu] n. well branched tree, growing in dense forest. fruits white. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4185)

Example: This tree is used for house posts, as it produces a hardwood.

Scientific name: dicot tree, Speaker: Takaroga Kuautonga

n almond

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

[niɸou ura] n. liana climbing into canopy 5 m above the ground, growing in dense forest. fruits green to dark purple. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4188)

Example: Birds eat fruits and the hunters know this, so they hunt nearby.

Scientific name: liana dicot, Speaker: Takaroga Kuautonga

n sandalwood tree

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n a fern

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

[niseni] n. terrestrial; leaves ca. 1.0 m long. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2520)

Scientific name: Sphaerostephanos invisus, Speaker: Anselon Seru

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5225)

Example: The fruits are used as a medicine. For any generalized sickness in the body, collect a handful or two of ripe fruits, put them in a bottle with water, allow this to ferment for 5 days, and drink liquid 3x day before meals. For swellings on the body, heat the leaves over a fire and rub on the affected area 1x daily for as long as needed, when the swelling goes away. The stems of this tree are good for house posts as they last a long time. The leaves can be used to cover lap=lap when cooking. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Morinda citrifolia

n cluster of bananas

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n mushroom, fungus

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n stalk of the coconut frond

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n green coconut not ready to drink

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n drinkable green coconut

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

adj spoiled, rotten, overripe

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n tree fern

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

a small taro, just above the ground

Speaker: Dougherty 1983

n wild yam

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5269)

Example: This species is grown as an ornamental around households. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Malvaviscus arboreus

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5250)

Example: This is an edible plant. Collect the young leaves, boil them in water, discard the water, and add salt and eat. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Solanum americanum

[puku ɸakatu] n. terrestrial; leaves ca. 1.5 m long. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2521)

Scientific name: Nephrolepis biserrata, Speaker: Anselon Seru

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5276)

Example: This type of Rapoji is the one with the wide leaf. It is grown as an ornamental around households. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Codiaeum variegatum

[raso] n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5055)

Example: Fruits edible like berries. Stems used for firewood. The name refers to testicle.

Scientific name: Maesa, Speaker: Ausdin Jackson

n sweet yam

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

[saka] n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5059)

Example: Fruit is edible when bract is dry. Boil the whole plant in a 1 liter of hot water, for 1 hour. Make certain juice comes out from plant. To treat dengue fever, drink hot 1-2 cups daily, for 2-3 days.

Scientific name: Physalis, Speaker: Ausdin Jackson

n. Herb to 50 cm. (collection: Michael J. Balick #5216)

Example: Photo by raphaelsandro / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC. The leaves of this plant are said to be a good local cabbage, cooked in soup and other foods. The fruits are used to spice food, giving it a hot taste. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Capsicum annuum

n. type of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5220)

Example: The stems of this plant are used for house posts. They are said to be very hard and last "forever." (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Fagraea berteroana

n. Tree to 15 m, dbh 20 cm. (collection: Michael J. Balick #5217)

Example: The stems of this tree are good for timber that is used for house posts. The stems can also be burned for firewood. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Alphitonia zizyphoides

n sugar cane

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

[toro ɸaru] n. well branched tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4155)

Example: Wood used to make bows. The wood can be used to make house posts, but do not last long, perhaps 1-2 years.

Scientific name: Micromelum minutum, Speaker: Takaronga Kuautonga

n. Herb to 1.0 m. (collection: Michael J. Balick #5210)

Example: Name means "strong." This is a plant used to make the children strong, as implied by the local name. For children who are 1-3 years old, take a small branch of Tuhmakei, heat over a fire, and rub on the child’s knees, elbows, and ankles 1x daily for 5 days. Each day use another branch and hang it in a tree such as a coconut where the wind can go through it. this will make the child very strong and be able to walk well. Also used by older men, go give them virility. Take 6 leaves and boil in water 1x daily, drink the liquid and toss the leaves away. (authorities: Naumeta Rose (male, 32), Paul Fatapa (male, 74))

Scientific name: Sida rhombifolia

n yam

Speaker: Donald Tamalua Wotu

[ʋaʋa ɸoɸare] n. liana climbing in syzygium namoa tree c. 5 m above ground, growing in well developed secondary forest. fruits green to dark purple. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4152)

Example: The vine is used as a rope to ties thing, as it is flexible and strong. Hold the vine over a hot fire then tie it on something while it is still warm. When this vine cools, it is very strong.

Scientific name: Gynochthodes myrtifolia, Speaker: Takaronga Kuautonga

[wauwau] n. scandent shrub, growing in open scrub. latex white (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4159)

Example: This plant is traded with people from Tanna and Aniwa, as it is sweet smelling, and is put around the head and neck for dancing.

Scientific name: Alyxia, Speaker: Takaronga Kuautonga