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’Adą́ą́dą́ą́’ shá bíighah ’atah ’adishdiłgo ’i’íí’ą́.
yesterday 1-for 3-passing down 1-play.stick.dice.RI evening’Ahbínídą́ą́’ ch’ééh niba’ hasht’e’ ’ádííníszin.
morning-Past in.vain 2-wait ready REFL-1-keep.CII was all ready and waiting for you all this morning (but you didn’t come).
bookmark’Ahbínídą́ą́’ t’óó ’ahodiyeeshdláałgo biniinaa ’ólta’di doo hah níyáa da.
morning-past with pretend-1-move.Prog-GO 3-because school-at NEG quickly 1-go.P NEGI was late getting to school this morning because I dilly-dallied on the way.
bookmark- ’ahbínídą́ą́’ this morningfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- -dą́ą́’ past timefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- time
- t’óó withfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- -niinaa because of, on account offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -di atfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- location
- hah, hahí fast, quickfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrasesfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
’Ałk’idą́ą́’ Diné bikéyah bikáa’gi łį́į́’ bichąą bíighahgo tł’oh deíl’áá ńt’éé’ jiní.
long.ago Navajo.land 3-upon-at horse 3-belly sufficient-GO Pl-3-extend.out.of.sight.SNP hearsay’Ałk’idídą́ą́’ kin ’áshłaa ńt’éé’ ’éí t’ahdii bii’ shighan.
quite.long.ago house 3-1-make.P past it still 3-in 1-home’Áádę́ę́’ nánísdzáago łį́į́’ bá nida’deeshjoł.
from.there 1-return.P-GO horse 3-for pl-1-set.out.NCM.F’Ííshją́ą́ ’at’ééd yázhí hooghandę́ę́’ ch’idoogááł.
certainly girl little house-from out-3-walk.F-dóó
from a specific location or point in space or time
bookmark-ee
Bee’eldííldahsinil kintahdi shił ’oolwoł ńt’éé’ tsístł’ahazt’i’ léi’ góne’ shił ’o’oolwod.
Albuquerque town-at 1-with 3-run.Prog past deadend a areal-in 1-with 3-drive.PCh’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ Na’nízhoozhídi kééhasht’į́ ńt’éé’.
formerly Gallup-at 1-live.I pastChidí doo diits’į́į́hgóó biniinaa bitoo’ biih yíką́ą́ nít’éé’ ’áłt’ąą diists’ą́ą́’.
car NEG 3-start.I-GOO 3-because gas 3-into pass-pour.OC.P past after.all 3-start.PThe car wouldn’t start, so once gas was added afterwards it started.
bookmark- doo expresses negationfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- -niinaa because of, on account offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -iih intofind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- ńt’éé’ relates to past timefind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- ’áłt’ąą after allfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- ’áłt’ąą after all, in spite of unfortunatelyfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
Chidí k’adę́ę yichxǫǫh lágo naháłnii’.
car almost 3-fall-apart.I altered 3-1-buy.PDa’ ’ałní’ní’ą́ąjį’ tł’óo’di nishínílnish?
Q noon-until outside-at 2-work.PDamóo yę́ędą́ą́’ dziłghą́ą́’dę́ę́’ shádí dóó ba’áłchíní bił ’adaashkai.
sunday past.time mountain-top.of-from 1-elder.sister and 3-children 3-with downward-1-go.Pl.PDeenásts’aa’ shił naaldloosh ńt’éé’ shimá siiłtsą́, yiniinaa násineestsxas.
ram 1-with 3-trot.CI past 1-mother 1-3-see.P 3-because 1-3-whip.PDii éé’ shił nizhónígo nahideeshniih nisin nt’éé’ ’áko ndi ayóo ilį́į́ lá.
this clothing 1-with 3-like-GO 3-1-buy.F 1-think.Cl Past even then very 3-expensive DiscI want to buy this dress because I like it but it is expensive.
bookmark- Neuter Imperfective (NI)
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Future (F)
- nahashniih buy, sell
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)
- nisin think, want
- ńt’éé’ relates to past timefind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- ’áko ndi even so, even thenfind in Navajo Conjunction Lexicon
- lá I discoveredfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
Dííshą’ látsíní háádę́ę́’ naa ninídee’?
this-Q bracelet where-from 2-to 3-arrive.PlO.PDoo ’íits’a’ída nít’éé’ ’áłt’ąą Irene níyáago ’índa hahodíídláád.
NEG 3-sound.P-NEG past finally Irene 3-arrive.P-go only.then 3-uproar.PDoo yéé chizh yah ’ííjaa’í hooghan shį́į́ ’adííłk’ą́ą́’ nít’éé’.
DOO YÉÉ firewood into 3-1-carry.pl.P-Í hogan probably 3-1-burn.P pastHa’a’aahdę́ę́sh naaghan ’éí doodago e’e’aahdę́ę́sh naaghan?
east-from-Q 2-home TOP or west-from-Q 2 homeHaash nízah kodóó nighanjį’?
how-Q 3-long.N here-from 2-home-toHaidą́ą́’ ’a’áán góne’ nishishnish ńt’éé’ --- doo shił yá’áhoot’éeh da.
winter-past mine.shaft 1-work.P past NEG 1-with 3-good.N NEGI worked in the mine (shaft) last year and I didn’t like it.
bookmark- -dą́ą́’ past timefind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -ne’ behindfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)
- naashnish work
- -ił withfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- ńt’éé’ relates to past timefind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrasesfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
Hádą́ą́’sh Mary ’ólta’dę́ę́’ nádzá?
when-past-Q Mary school-from 3-return.PHoozdodę́ę́’ Łééchąąłgaii bee nááshdááłgo Kinłánídi da’jiyání góne’ sédáago shiyaa haalwod lá.
Phoenix-from greyhound.bus 3-with 1-return.Prog-GO Flagstaff-at cafe into 1-sit.SPN-GO 1-under 3-run.P DISCComing back from Phoenix by Greyhound bus I got left behind in the restaurant in Flagstaff.
bookmark- -dę́ę́’ from a general location or point in space or time, also out of, off offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- location
- -ee by means offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- instrumental
- -di atfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- location
- -go verb and subordinating encliticfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- góne’ insidefind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- Si-Perfective Neuter (SPN)
- sédá sit
- -yaa under, beneath, downfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- location
K’idadeelyáá nit’éé’ t’óó daazgan, háálá doo nahałtin da.
1pl-plant.P past just 3pl-dry.SPN, because NEG 3-rain.CI NEGWe planted but they just shriveled up, because of the lack of rain.
bookmark- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)
- k’idishłé plant it
- ńt’éé’ relates to past timefind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- Si-Perfective Neuter (SPN)
- háálá for, becausefind in Navajo Conjunction Lexicon
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrasesfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)
Kin bighą́ą́’dę́ę́’ hadah ’adzííłhaal ndi t’áadoo ’ádadénih da.
house 3-to-from down 1-tumble.P but NEG RFLX-1-hurt.P NEGI tumbled off the housetop but I didn’t get hurt.
bookmark- -ghą́ą́h attaching to, hitched to, connected tofind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- -dę́ę́’ from a general location or point in space or time, also out of, off offind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)
- ndi butfind in Navajo Conjunction Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)
- t’áadoo notfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
Na’nishkaadgo nídíshchííyaagi hanáshyį́į́h ńt’éé’ ’iiłhaazh lá, t’ah nít’éé’ shilééchąą’í ch’ééshinísid.
1-herd.I-GO pinetree-under-at 1-rest.I past 1-slept.P DISC all.of.sudden 1-dog 1-woke.up.PWhen I was out herding I was resting under a pinetree and I went to sleep but suddenly to my surprise my dog woke me up.
bookmark- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)
- na’nishkaad herd, go out herding
- -yaa under, beneath, downfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- location
- -gi atfind in Navajo Postposition Lexicon
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)
- hanááshyį́į́’ rest
- ńt’éé’ relates to past timefind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)
- ’iishháásh sleep
- t’ah ńt’éé’ all of a suddenfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)
- ch’ééníssííd awaken him/her




