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’At’ééd ’éí ch’iyáán ’ál’į́įgi łá’í nidi doo bił bééhózin da.
girl TOP food 3-make.NI-at one but 3-with 3-know.CI NEG
listen
The girl does not know how to cook food.
bookmark- ’éí topicfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- Neuter Imperfective (NI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- -gi at
- łá’í ndi not even one, not a single onefind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- doo expresses negationfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- -ił with
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- da expresses negationfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
ʼÁłah ʼaleehdi ʼamá bééhániih daats’í bá ’ádazhniiyą́ą́’? ʼÁko daatsʼí nímasii łaʼ ʼakǫ́ǫ́ dííkááł.
group gathering-at mother 3-3-remember perhaps 3-for 4-pl-eat.P so perhaps potatoes some there 3-2-take.OC.F’Aseezį́ binaaltsoos biníkádinishchid.
gossip 3-paper 3-through-1-stick.finger.P’Ayóo deesk’aazgo beeldléí ditánígíí biih násh’nah.
very cold-GO blanket 3-thick.NI-ÍGÍÍ 3-into 1-crawl.R’Ałk’ésdisí naháłnii’go sitsilí dóó shideezhí ’aheełt’éego bá ’ahá níjaa’.
candy 3-1-buy.CI-GO 1-little.brother and 1-little.sister 3-1 split-GO.I 3-for 3-1 gave.I’Ałk’idą́ą́’ Diné bikéyah bikáa’gi łį́į́’ bichąą bíighahgo tł’oh deíl’áá ńt’éé’ jiní.
long.ago Navajo.land 3-upon-at horse 3-belly sufficient-GO Pl-3-extend.out.of.sight.SNP hearsay’Áádóó níléíjigo daaníigo t’óó ’áajigo shił dah ’adiilwod.
and.then over.there-toward pl-3-say.I-GO just that.way-toward 1-with start.off 3-drive.P’Áłchíní hazhóʼí bik’i yíldził.
children careful 3-for 2-support.Prog’Áłtsé biba’ dooleeł ’áko shį́į́ ’índa nihił dah adidoolwoł.
first 3.for will until then only 1.with start 3-drive.F"Binák’eegóó baa da’ashch’osh lá," didíínííł.
3-eye-between-around 3-to pl-3-infest.P DISC 3-2-tell.F-dááh
-kéé’
-naashii
-yaa
At’ééd na’abąąs yíhooł’ą́ą’go bimá yił ’oołbąs.
girl driving 3-3-learn.P-GO 3-mother 3-with 3-drive.ProgBee’eldííldahsinil kintahdi shił ’oolwoł ńt’éé’ tsístł’ahazt’i’ léi’ góne’ shił ’o’oolwod.
Albuquerque town-at 1-with 3-run.Prog past deadend a areal-in 1-with 3-drive.PBéégashii báháchxį’go bik’ee neeshchééł.
cattle 3-become.angry.I-GO 3-on.account.of 1-flee.ProgCh’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ Bilagáanaa Bizaad doo diists’a’ da. K’ad ’éí t’áá shxǫǫ t’áá bee yáshti’.
formerly English neg 1-understand.I neg. Now TOP good.thing barely 3.with 1.speak-I
listen
Before, I didn’t understand English. Now, thankfully, I can speak some.
bookmark- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- diists’a hear, understandfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- yáshti’ speakfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ch’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ formerly, originallyfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- -ee by means of
- instrumental
Chidíísh bee hólǫ́ ’éí doodago ni daats’í ła’ nee hólǫ́?
car-Q 3-with 4-exist.N TOP or 2 maybe one 2-with 4-exist.NIChidíłtsooí bidááh síńzį́į dooleeł.
car-yellow-REL 3-for 2-stand.SPN FUTChidíísh bee hólǫ́ doodaii’ ni daats’í chidí nee hólǫ́?
car-Q 3-with 4-exist.NI or 2 maybe car 2-with 4-exist.NIDa’ chidíísh bee hólǫ́ doodaii’ ni daats’í chidí nee hólǫ́?
Q car-Q 3-with 4-exist.NI or 2 maybe car 2-with 4-exist.NI
listen
Does s/he have a car or do you have a car?
bookmark- da’ particle for yes/no questionsfind in Navajo Questions Lexicon
- -ísh enclitic for yes/no questionsfind in Navajo Questions Lexicon
- -ee by means of
- accompaniment
- doodaii’ particle orfind in Navajo Questions Lexicon
- doodaii’ orfind in Navajo Conjunction Lexicon
- daats’í particle for perhapsfind in Navajo Questions Lexicon
- Neuter Imperfective (NI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
Da’ Cubadę́ę́’ tsinaa’eeł nił ní’éél?
Q Cuba-from boat 2-with 3-float.PDamóo yę́ędą́ą́’ Yootóógóó niséyá.
Sunday past Santa.Fe-to 1-go.PDiné bikéyah bikáa’gi ndahonidzood yę́ędą́ą́’ Naatsis’áán hoolyéégóó niha’áłchíní bił ’adahineet’į́į́’.
Navajo 3-land 3-on-at pl-areal-3-flee.pl.P past Navajo.Mountain areal-be.called.NI-to 1pl-children 3-with pl-1dpl-sneak.off.PDoo ’atiin bąąhgóó ch’il ’ahwééh ’áłah ’ájíléeh da.
NEG road 3-beside-along plant coffee together 3-4-gather.SFO.I NEG
listen
Don’t gather tea along the roadside.
bookmark- Indirect command with negationfind in Navajo Imperatives
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrasesfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- 4th person admonition, negative, Imperfectivefind in Navajo Imperatives
- -ąąh on, beside
- location
- -góó to, toward, along, on, with a numeral it indicates a date
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
Dziłghą́ą́’í bizaad doo shił bééhózin da.
White.Mountain.Apache-NOM 3-language NEG 1-with 3-ho-know.CI NEGGohwééh nayiisnii’ídiísh bił bééhózin?
coffee 3-3-buy.P-at-Q 3-with 3-know.NI
listen
Do they know where he bought the coffee?
bookmark- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- nahashniih buy, sellfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- -di at
- -ísh enclitic for yes/no questionsfind in Navajo Questions Lexicon
- location
- -ił with
- Neuter Imperfective (NI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- bééhózin there is knowledgefind in Navajo Verb Modes
Gohwééh t’áá bizhání ’éí doodaii’ ’abe’ biłgo daats’í nínízin?
coffee only TOP or milk 3-with-GO perhaps 3-2-want.NIHa’át’éego lá ’íiyisíí ’atiinjį’ ’ańdeeshdááł lá?
how Q main road-up.to 1-back-on-go.F DISCHádą́ą́’sh Mary ’ólta’dę́ę́’ nádzá?
when-past-Q Mary school-from 3-return.PHáí lá bił nanilnish?
who Q 3-with 2-work.IHáí shą’ bił nanilnish?
who Q 3-with 2-work.IHoozdodę́ę́’ Łééchąąłgaii bee nááshdááłgo Kinłánídi da’jiyání góne’ sédáago shiyaa haalwod lá.
Phoenix-from greyhound.bus 3-with 1-return.Prog-GO Flagstaff-at cafe into 1-sit.SPN-GO 1-under 3-run.P DISC
listen
Coming back from Phoenix by Greyhound bus I got left behind in the restaurant in Flagstaff.
bookmark- -dę́ę́’ from a general location or point in space or time, also out of, off of
- location
- -ee by means of
- instrumental
- -di at
- location
- -go verb and subordinating encliticfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- góne’ insidefind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- Si-Perfective Neuter (SPN)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- sédá sitfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- -yaa under, beneath, down
- location
K’ad cháshk’eh góyaa tó deg ’anool’ąął.
now wash area-down water up 3-move.ProgK’ad hooghangóó nááshdááł dooleeł.
now hogan-toward 1-go.Prog FUTMasí dó’ nee holǫ́ǫ́’ísh łí?
cat DÓ’ 2-with exist.NI-Q ŁÍMósí yázhí chizhtah yiyah yilwod.
kitten woodpile.among 3-under 3-run.PNaʼahóóhai nitsaa bił hoo’aahgóó dóola dííyééł.
rodeo 3-big.NI 3-with areal-space.I-to bull 2-haul.FNizhéʼé nilą́ąjįʼ yigáałgo bikééʼ yilwoł.
2-father 2-in.front-to 3-walk.Prog-GO 3-behind 2-run.ProgShibéézh bik’í’óshch’iid le’ ’éé’ bitahgi yóó’ ’eelts’id.
1-knife 1-find.it.O clothes 3-among 3-move.PShilį́į́’ tł’aaká’ii dóó shilį́į́’ biyéél bił tsodizin ’íishłaa.
1-appaloosa and 1-horse 3-saddle 3-with prayer 3-1-make.PShiníbaal doo tó biníkáogeeh le’ ’át’éégóó ’íishłaa.
1-tent NEG water 3-through-3-flow.O proof.against-NEG 3-1-make.PShił naa’aash shį́į́! T’áá shǫǫdí shaná’níłtsóód!
1-with 3-go.dl.CI maybe please 1-to-back-3-2-feed.I
listen
Oh, my cousin! Please give me (some of) the food back!
bookmark- Request, affirmativefind in Navajo Imperatives
- Imperfectivefind in Navajo Imperatives
- -ił with
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- yish’aash go as a pair (with)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- shį́į́ perhaps, probably, possiblyfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ba’nistsóód feed itfind in Navajo Verb Modes




