Nafe (Kwamera)

v var. of -agihi

Speaker: Martial wahe

v gum (as one’s food)

Speaker: Martial wahe

v cut my hair

(Bislama) katem hair blo mi

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v. to braid rope or hair, or wrap with coconut leaves

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v. to kill

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Longfin African conger, moustache conger

Example: Photo by Patrick Randall, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Conger cinereus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

v I don’t like rain

(Bislama) mi no likem rain

Speaker: Martial Wahe

I am fishing with a canoe or boat...

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v I dig taro’s bed for planting

(Bislama) mi tikim hol blo taro

Speaker: Martial Wahe

child orphans

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[iarumanu] chief

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. a kind of sweet potato

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[jarmaveis] big devil

Speaker: Martial Wahe

grandparent

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Melanesian Flycatcher

Example: Photo by Tony Morris, License: CC BY-NC 2.0 via Flickr

Scientific name: Myiagra caledonica marinae, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. 1. small taro roots, 2. garden (metaphorically)

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. vine, to 4 m off forest floor (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3260)

Example: This is a famine food. Cut the vine, clean the outside of it, remove bark, put the vines on a hot stone oven, cover with leaves (unspecified) and one hour later the vine is edible.

Scientific name: Entada phaseoloides, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

thunder

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[karwasi] devil that has sex with pigs

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of breadfruit, similar to karuarewa but the fruits are larger and with the same small projections (described as small needles) on the outside of the fruit

Example: This variety is not good for making a canoe as the wood is too soft

Scientific name: Artocarpus altilis, Speaker: Johnson Noar

Sclater’s Myzomela, Scarlet-bibbed Myzomela

Scientific name: Myzomela sclateri, Speaker: Martial Wahe

whirlpool, whirlwind

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n gecko

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Pacific Imperial Pigeon

Example: Photo by Jake Osborne, License: CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 via Flickr

Scientific name: Ducula pacifica, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n social moiety

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Trigger fish

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. copra

(Bislama) kopra

Scientific name: Bislama, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. tree, 2-3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3031)

Example: Ceremonial: Following circumcision, boys will perform a ritual shower using a mixture of this plant and coconut. The leaves of this plant are mixed with the copra of the coconut and squeezed with water over the boys’ heads. Construction: The wood of this tree is used as rafters in house construction.

Scientific name: Melicope, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. 1. kind of tree (bark used for rope), 2. cool season

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. kind of fungus, brown color when old or white color when young, can be fried and eaten

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[kwankukepu] n. liana growing into canopy of Myristica fatua tree, growing in forest along kwataren kastom road. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3092)

Example: The vine of this plant is used to tie an outrigger on to a canoe. Heat up the stem and peel off the outer bark; while it is still warm use it to tie an outrigger to the canoe. When the stem cools it becomes very hard. It is also used to tie sugar cane.

Scientific name: Smilax vitiensis, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5135)

Example: When this plant grows to 2m, peel bark and put it in salt water to rett the stem. To do this, tie the stems in bundles and cover the bundle with a stone in the sea. After one week, rett the stem by pulling out the strong fibers and discarding the rest. Dry the fibers, then make a grass skirt from this. The leaves can be crushed and used as a styptic for wounds to stop bleeding.

Scientific name: Urena lobata, Speaker: Johnson Noar

lung fish

Speaker: Martial Wahe

bird name: kind of warbler?

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. 1. kind of tree, 2. ladder made from a tree branch

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

[manariən nəʔpəŋ] n. shrub, 3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2971)

Example: Cultural: After a young boy is circumcised, a special kava (“Tapuga”) is prepared. The leaf of this tree is then tied to each branch of the tree to signify the ceremony.

Scientific name: Maoutia diversifolia, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

White-spotted spinefoot, white-spotted rabbitfish (salt water)

Example: Photo by Rick Stuart-Smith / Reef Life Survey, License: CC BY 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Siganus canaliculatus via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

kind of fish

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. species of magnolia tree

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Pittosporum campelli, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of banana

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

Longface emperor

Example: Photo by Jeffrey T. Williams / Smithsonian Institution, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Lethrinus olivaceus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Spangled emperor

Example: Photo by Richard Ling, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Lethrinus nebulosus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

mud

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5113)

Example: Planted along the coast and used for protection against storms.

Scientific name: Scaevola taccada, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. puffball

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of yam, produces a tuber with white flesh and red skin. It can grow long and large in good soil, but is not a sweet yam, more starchy than many others. It is easy to grow

Example: Locally known as a “Chief’s Yam” as it is given to the Chief as a gift because it is one of the original yam varieties grown on Tanna

Scientific name: Dioscorea spp., Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. herbs, 1.5 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3229)

Example: When performing the kastom ceremony "toka dance" the leaves are wrapped in a band and tied on the head of dancers.

Scientific name: Alpinia, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. tree, 10-12 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2997)

Example: Hunting: Flying foxes are attracted to this plant for their fruits. As a result, hunters gather around this plant when they desire to hunt the flying fox. Food: The green leaf of this plant is used as a wrap when cooking fish over a fire. Clothing: The peeled inner bark of this plant is dried and then used as fastener or strap for other clothing during kastom ceremonies.

Scientific name: Ficus granatum, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

animal

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[naswajoʊ] n. tree, 6 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3108)

Scientific name: Ficus, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5024)

Example: To treat a cut or sore, collect leaves, bruise by rubbing in hand and apply directly to the sore. Whole plant dried and used as a broom.

Scientific name: Stachytarpheta cayennensis, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. epiphyte growing in dense forest, along ridge. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3023)

Example: Ornamental: After one week of being sun-dried, men will place this plant in their arm band (“Tikinapuai”) during katom ceremonies.

Scientific name: Huperzia phlegmaria, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. shrub or tree

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Ficus septica, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. plant; giant fern

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Angiopteris evecta, Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5063)

Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5106)

Example: If someone has swollen legs or arms, like from bruises or boils, crush leaves and rub on the swollen area twice a day for 1 week, or until sores disappear. For anemia, take a double handful of leaves, squeeze into 1 L water, and drink one bottle three day for 2 weeks.

Scientific name: Plectranthus scutellarioides, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5030)

Example: Fruits cooked and eaten. Young leaves can be fried or boiled and eaten as a vegetable, like a mix with vegetable and meat and cooked in earth oven. Stem to make canoe, very long lasting wood 5-12 years, very tight wood. Older stems good for house posts.

Scientific name: Artocarpus altilis, Speaker: Johnson Noar

plant used to make grass skirts

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. tree to 30 m, dbh 2 m (collection: Michael J. Balick #4738)

Example: Wood is strong and good to make houses with, particuarly house posts. Also good for firewood.

Scientific name: Casuarina equisetifolia, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. low-branching tree; Alexandrian laurel, balltree, beach calophyllum

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Calophyllum inophyllum, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. shrub, 2 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3078)

Scientific name: Acalypha wilkesiana, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. small tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3240)

Example: People use the wood of this plant to make arrows. When hunting flying fox, people cut a 2’ pieces of the stem to throw at the animal and catch it.

Scientific name: Psychotria trichostoma, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. leaves

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. high prestige yam

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5082)

Example: Wood is very hard and good for making canoe. Wood is good to build house (house posts). Takes seeds from dried fruit, break them open, boil in water and collect oil that rises to the top. This oil used as massage oil. Rub oil from dried seeds in hair to kill lice.

Scientific name: Calophyllum, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

pond of water

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. epiphyte. (collection: Tom A. Ranker #2620)

Scientific name: Davallia sessilifolia, Speaker: Martial Wahe

horizon

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[nukune nai] n. tree stump

Speaker: Jean Eskar

Numrukwen moiety

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. wild cane leaf stem

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. semi-inalienable 1. leaf stalk (of a coconut, banana, etc.), 2. leaf stalk scar (on coconut tree trunk)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

my heart

Speaker: Martial Wahe

coral

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5060)

Example: Kastom medicine to ascertain the type of sickness a person has. Take two small 6 in. long branches with leaves, and place this on the person along with another unspecified plant. Will help diagnosis.

Scientific name: Breynia disticha, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n moustache

Speaker: Martial wahe

n. kind of fern, can be used to clean kava root

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of liana

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. Xanthosperma, Bislama: Fiji Taro

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of banyan tree

Speaker: Martial Wahe

bird trap of woven vines; woven bird or fish trap

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. nutmeg tree, Myristica fatua

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Speaker: Martial wahe

[ʰrakniaken] footpath

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n my right hand

Speaker: Martial wahe

n. tree, 8 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2992)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood. Hunting: Pidgeons are known to eat the fruit of this plant. As a result, hunters will cluster about these trees to hunt this animal. Construction: The timber of the plant is used to make roof members of local houses.

Scientific name: Parasponia andersonii, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

kind of orchid

Speaker: Martial Wahe

fork (as in a tree)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v. glow, shine

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n ceremonial circumcision exchange cycle

Speaker: Lindstrom 1986

kinds of yam. There are two types of this variety—with either red or white flesh

Example: When cooked, as with many yams, children love to eat this variety as it is soft and sweet

Scientific name: Dioscorea spp., Speaker: Johnson Noar

sea snake black and white

roots of pandanus

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of shell. Possibly family Turbinidae.

Example: Photo by K. David Harrison, Dec. 2017

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n fish species: possibly a type of grouper

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. once-branched tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3139)

Example: Stem used to plant kava (use it like a spade) but even when you have a spade, you should still use this to dig the hole. The leaf is used to make laplap, a food made from taro or yam with coconut and other foods added. Take the leaf and wrap the laplap and then roast the package on the fire or cook the leaf in a pot of water.

Scientific name: Cordyline fruticosa, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. inalienable sprout, shoot (of a plant which sends up multiple sprouts such as kava, banana, bamboo, etc.)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree used for making house posts, has white fruit that birds like to eat

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Longnose trevally (male)

Example: Photo by Jeffrey T. Williams / Smithsonian Institution, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Carangoides chrysophrys via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5020)

Example: To treat flu take, a handful of leaves and squeeze them into a cup. Add water, and give to the sick person to drink. Takethis mixture once in the morning and once in the afternoon for two to three days to treat the flue. One can also take four pieces of the stem, about teo to 3 inches ling, chew, and spit juice onto the sick person’s whole body. 1 cup am/ 1 cup afternoon. 2-3 days to treat flu. Take 4 pieces of stem 2-3" long, chew and spit on stick on sick person, spit on whole body. 2x day, 2-3 days as for cup morn and afternoon. Spit helps to chase evil spirit out of body. Common

Scientific name: Bidens pilosa, Speaker: Martial Wahe