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-aghagha

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v intr call fowls, cluck

-anunu

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v suckle, nurse

-apwupwu

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v gargle, rinse one’s mouth

-arari

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v 1. rotate, turn in circles, turn aside, turn (something) around; 2. turn around at (a place)

-arouarou

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v waste, expend, use up

-arukwokwe

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v var. of -rukwokwe

-arupwararini

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v turn aside, turn back (as a person), block

-arupwárupwa

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v intr flap (as a bird its wings)

akwararen

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adj. slippery

araii ringringi naii

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v cut the hood branches

gongong

Leiognathus fasciatus, Aurigequula fasciatus http://fishbase.org/summary/Leiognathus-fasciatus.html
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Striped ponyfish

Example: Photo by ANFC, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

iaku-iaku (iaku-iaku)

Portulaca oleracea
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n. herb growing on roadside along coast road. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3165)

iakuiaku

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n. 1. sand fly, 2. sand crab

kaipaip sei kuekau

Children take the inflorescence of this plant and use it to find and poke lizards hiding in the bush. For treatment of an unspecified spiritual sickness, chew 2, 2" pieces of the stem to get rid of the sickness, spitting the material on the hair and body of an ill person; use only 1 time.
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n. sprawling herb, with erect flowering stems (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3237)

Example: Children take the inflorescence of this plant and use it to find and poke lizards hiding in the bush. For treatment of an unspecified spiritual sickness, chew 2, 2" pieces of the stem to get rid of the sickness, spitting the material on the hair and body of an ill person; use only 1 time.

kaipwipi keikwau

When woman does not have period for 2-3 months and is pregnant, people say the lizard could eat the baby. To avoid this, boil a handful of stem shavings in 1/2 L water, for 6 minutes and give this drink to the woman twice a day for 5 days. Then the bleeding will stop. There are also dietary restrictions: no coconut, oil, salt, curry. The woman can also not swim in sea for 5 days. But the baby will be healthy if these instructions are followed.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5108)

Example: When woman does not have period for 2-3 months and is pregnant, people say the lizard could eat the baby. To avoid this, boil a handful of stem shavings in 1/2 L water, for 6 minutes and give this drink to the woman twice a day for 5 days. Then the bleeding will stop. There are also dietary restrictions: no coconut, oil, salt, curry. The woman can also not swim in sea for 5 days. But the baby will be healthy if these instructions are followed.

kamkapati

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horns

kanapaji sei mimi

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n antenna of insect

kapuapu

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n. kind of tree with edible leaves

kapuapu

Agricultural: When this plant is in flower, it is said that an edible shellfish (Suefa) is ready to be harvested. Light: A dry portion of wood is also used by older men as a "lightstick". Fuel: Two dry sticks are rubbed together as firestarter, in the absence of matches.
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[kəkwapu] n. tree, 3-4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2978)

Example: Agricultural: When this plant is in flower, it is said that an edible shellfish (Suefa) is ready to be harvested. Light: A dry portion of wood is also used by older men as a "lightstick". Fuel: Two dry sticks are rubbed together as firestarter, in the absence of matches.

kapɨrápɨra ~ kaprapra

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n. coconut leaf basket

karari

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kind of shellfish

kararɨg

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fungus, small white

kararɨg

kararɨg
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general term for fungus

karharhi

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n. 1. small taro roots, 2. garden (metaphorically)

karuarua

Ceremonial: During a large kastom ceremony ("Nakwyari"), a branch of this plant is used to sweep the nakamal before the toka dance.
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[kawəwə] n. sparsely branched tree, 7 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3044)

Example: Ceremonial: During a large kastom ceremony ("Nakwyari"), a branch of this plant is used to sweep the nakamal before the toka dance.

karuarua

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thunder

karuarua

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thunder

karuarua

Use this plant to stop the rain, take 4 tips of the plant’s branch and place them in a cross formation, with the tips pointing N, S, W, E, wash them in sea water, and then call for the rain to stop. Hang these tips in a tree with rope for five days. Stem used to weave roof rafter to attach coconut fronds to stick. Young men hunting in bush with slingshots, when run out of stones, use these young fruits to hunt birds.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5143)

Example: Use this plant to stop the rain, take 4 tips of the plant’s branch and place them in a cross formation, with the tips pointing N, S, W, E, wash them in sea water, and then call for the rain to stop. Hang these tips in a tree with rope for five days. Stem used to weave roof rafter to attach coconut fronds to stick. Young men hunting in bush with slingshots, when run out of stones, use these young fruits to hunt birds.

karwarwar

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[karwarwar] thunder

karwaterei apanapan

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n. hot rocks

kesiesi

kesiesi
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footbridge made of wood and bamboo

kikouikou

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n mosquito larva

konuwak sara phisir phisir

Plectorhinchus vittatus http://fishbase.org/summary/Plectorhinchus-vittatus.html
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Oriental sweetlips

Example: Photo by Mark Rosenstein / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

kueria ia natom

Accipiter hiogaster
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Variable Goshawk

Example: Photo by olanuxer / Flickr, License: CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 via Flickr

kutkut

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oval handled basket

kwanasanas

Ornamental: The tiny seeds, appearing as a powder, are used to decorate one’s face during kastom ceremonies. The plant is used when the fruit is yellow.
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[kwenasənas] n. epiphyte growing on neonauclea forsteri trunk, about 2-3 m above ground (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2977)

Example: Ornamental: The tiny seeds, appearing as a powder, are used to decorate one’s face during kastom ceremonies. The plant is used when the fruit is yellow.

kwaninihi

The entire plant is pulled up, the stems bound together and used to  make a local broom.
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[kwani̤ni̤] n. herb to 1 m, flowers yellow (collection: Michael J. Balick #4730)

Example: The entire plant is pulled up, the stems bound together and used to make a local broom.

kwankwikwa

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n lava bomb

kwareren akuang

The stem of this plant is a hollow tube, its local name means "inside out." When a person sings a kaostum song, they chew the stem and it is said to give the person a "big" voice. It also helps a person shout and sing loud as it helps to clear the throat.
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[kwarenem akwaŋ] n. herb growing on large rock in middle of flowing stream. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3114)

Example: The stem of this plant is a hollow tube, its local name means "inside out." When a person sings a kaostum song, they chew the stem and it is said to give the person a "big" voice. It also helps a person shout and sing loud as it helps to clear the throat.

kwatiuvtiuv

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n. drinking straw (made from immature banana leaves)

kweiei

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rudder fish

kweiei

Ctenochaetus striatus http://fishbase.org/summary/Ctenochaetus-striatus.html
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Striated Surgeonfish, Lined Bristletooth

Example: Photo by Mark Rosenstein / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

kɨpkɨr

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bird name: kind of warbler?

kɨrkɨr

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n. kind of plant, used to make ropes

kɨrukɨru

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type of fish spearing arrow with two barbs

lili

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n. a type of sugarcane, very thin and long, yellow or light green color, very sweet, planted in gardens

mai nawkukua

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n. paper

mamausari

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struggle

mangoamramera

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kind of mango, can be eaten when the skin is green

marangmarang

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kava type

marimari

To treat indigestion, take 5 roots from 5 different plants, clean, grate into 600mL bottle of water. Drink one bottle twice daily. In Tanna, people use this plant to make rain, thunder, or to stop the rain. To make rain, take a big pile of this plant’s leaves, tie them in a bundle with a rope, and put into the sea. When the leaves start rotting, usually after one week, the rain will come.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5078)

Example: To treat indigestion, take 5 roots from 5 different plants, clean, grate into 600mL bottle of water. Drink one bottle twice daily. In Tanna, people use this plant to make rain, thunder, or to stop the rain. To make rain, take a big pile of this plant’s leaves, tie them in a bundle with a rope, and put into the sea. When the leaves start rotting, usually after one week, the rain will come.

mimi

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bug

mɨrɨris

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kind of fish

nakukua

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n. book

namatamai

Lethrinus semicinctus http://fishbase.org/summary/Lethrinus-semicinctus.html
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Black blotch emperor

Example: Photo by Barry Hutchins / Western Australian Museum, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

namatamai

Lethrinus olivaceus http://fishbase.org/summary/Lethrinus-olivaceus.html
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Longface emperor

Example: Photo by Jeffrey T. Williams / Smithsonian Institution, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

namatamai

Lethrinus lentjan http://fishbase.org/summary/Lethrinus-lentjan.html
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Pink ear emperor

Example: Photo by FAO / Fishbase, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

namramiri

Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood. Construction: The timber of this plant is used to create any part of a house. It is considered a strong wood. Hunting: Pidgeons are attracted to this plant for their fruit. As a result, hunters gather around this plant when they desire to hunt the pidgeon.
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[namrami:ri] n. tree, 3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3001)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood. Construction: The timber of this plant is used to create any part of a house. It is considered a strong wood. Hunting: Pidgeons are attracted to this plant for their fruit. As a result, hunters gather around this plant when they desire to hunt the pidgeon.

nanas

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n. small plant with red flowers

napkapy

Leaves are used as pig feed to make them grow faster.  fed to pigs to make them grow faster. Various butterflied can also get stuck on this plant, so bird’s can also get stuck when trying to eat these insects and can then be hunted or collected.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5027)

Example: Leaves are used as pig feed to make them grow faster. fed to pigs to make them grow faster. Various butterflied can also get stuck on this plant, so bird’s can also get stuck when trying to eat these insects and can then be hunted or collected.

narmama

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people’s

narparip

Photo by Martial Wahe
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n. flowering plant or tree

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

neisei naikwasin

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n. washing board

nenouenoueien

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forgot

nesiapuasiapu

Cyperus
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5081)

newou ouhi

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small grass skirt plant

noufoua

Photo by Martial Wahe
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n. tree, 8 m tall

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

noufoua

Construction: The timber of this plant is used as a hardwood for any part of a house. It is considered  one of the finest woods for this purpose. Ornamental: Branches of this tree are used to create carvings.
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[nəfua] n. tree, 8 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3010)

Example: Construction: The timber of this plant is used as a hardwood for any part of a house. It is considered one of the finest woods for this purpose. Ornamental: Branches of this tree are used to create carvings.

nououa

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n. tree with spiky red and yellow flowers, not used for anything

nua popo

When a person is stung by a jellyfish, take 5-6 leaves and whip the sore for 5-10 minutes and this will reduce the soreness of the wound.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5158)

Example: When a person is stung by a jellyfish, take 5-6 leaves and whip the sore for 5-10 minutes and this will reduce the soreness of the wound.

nuapupu

When a person is stung by a jellyfish, take 5-6 leaves and whip the sore for 5-10 minutes and this will reduce the soreness of the wound.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5158)

Example: When a person is stung by a jellyfish, take 5-6 leaves and whip the sore for 5-10 minutes and this will reduce the soreness of the wound.

nɨferinfwemamas

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n. kind of Tahitian chestnut

nɨmagouagou

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air

nɨpkɨpki

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n. Pisonia umbrellifera tree, very soft wood, big trunk and branches, has black stinging seed pods

nɨpunɨpun

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[nɨpunɨpun] spider web

nɨpɨn rapwanapwan

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hot, rainy season

nɨserserien

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n. luminescent fungi or algae; something bright, sparkling like the lights of the city

nɨsɨmesɨme

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who? (plural)

nɨsɨsauien

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storm

paopawǔk ia napɨn

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n moth

pawpawuk

Belenois java peristhene https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/486299-Belenois-java-peristhene
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Caper White

Example: Photo by givernykate / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

pawpawuk

Papilio fuscus https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/496560-Papilio-fuscus
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Fuscous Swallowtail

Example: Photo by obinfiji / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

pawpawuk

Lampides boeticus https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/121993-Lampides-boeticus
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Pea Blue

Example: Photo by obinfiji / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

pawpawuk pitew

Hypolimnas bolina

Great Eggfly

perepere

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n rudder (of boat)

poukouri

To chase away pigs that invade a person’s garden, wrap leaves of this species around a stick, hit the pig with it and the pig will not return to the garden to eat the crops.
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n. vine growing up a ficus tree, growing in open forest heavily impacted by cyclone. flowers yellow; fruits brown and fibrous. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3231)

Example: To chase away pigs that invade a person’s garden, wrap leaves of this species around a stick, hit the pig with it and the pig will not return to the garden to eat the crops.

rariari mio

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my bad luck (1st person poss.)

rerenakuang

Children are said to chew the branches of this plant to give them a "bigger (stronger) voice.
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[rerenakwaŋ] n. herb growing on roadside along coast road. Flowers yellow. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3166)

Example: Children are said to chew the branches of this plant to give them a "bigger (stronger) voice.

sap sap

For an earache, take a double handful of leaves, mash, and squeeze in your ear.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5093)

Example: For an earache, take a double handful of leaves, mash, and squeeze in your ear.

sirosiro

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n whirlpool

susu

susu
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a type of white fungus that grows on trees

Tamtam

Tamtam
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bamboo slit gong used to signal approach by woman to nakamal

taopir-taopir

Children shoot the small hard seeds through a bamboo tube at lizards and butterflies, as a sort of game.
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n. herb, 2 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3250)

Example: Children shoot the small hard seeds through a bamboo tube at lizards and butterflies, as a sort of game.

taparwarewa

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n my liver

taupar taupar

Leaves used to cover laplap and wrap and boil in pot. Kids use papaya petiole to shoot seeds -- game of hide and seen called chung.
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n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5098)

Example: Leaves used to cover laplap and wrap and boil in pot. Kids use papaya petiole to shoot seeds -- game of hide and seen called chung.

teprakaka

1. When in flower, a local pidgeon, known as Tikurkak, prepares to lay its eggs. When the fruit dehisces its eggs are considered to have hatched.
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n. branched tree, 5 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4215)

Example: 1. When in flower, a local pidgeon, known as Tikurkak, prepares to lay its eggs. When the fruit dehisces its eggs are considered to have hatched.

tui-tui

The leaves of this plant are used to cover the hot stone ovens when cooking lap-lap. The ripe fruit is used to burn as a lap. Take the seeds, impale on the fiber in the middle of a coconut leaf pinnae and light, holding the slender stick and lighting a person’s way.
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n. shrub, 2-3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3085)

Example: The leaves of this plant are used to cover the hot stone ovens when cooking lap-lap. The ripe fruit is used to burn as a lap. Take the seeds, impale on the fiber in the middle of a coconut leaf pinnae and light, holding the slender stick and lighting a person’s way.

tɨni pawpawuk

tɨni pawpawuk
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n cocoon

yakokeikei rinak

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I love my mum

(Bislama) mi likem mami blo mi

Yapkapin

Yapkapin
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Yapkapin village, home of Nawasu tribe