Nafe (Kwamera)

v gargle, rinse one’s mouth

Speaker: Martial wahe

v/a 1. shake (as a tree); 2. shaky, loose, slack

Speaker: Martial wahe

v/a greasy, oily, shiny and sleek with hair pomade, grease, oil

Speaker: Martial wahe

v intr rustle, swish, rasp, scrape

Speaker: Martial wahe

adj. thirsty

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. herb growing on roadside along coast road. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3165)

Scientific name: Portulaca oleracea, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of coconut with reddish fibre

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. a minor kava drinking place, see imwarɨm

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Rough triggerfish, poisonous

Example: A poison fish which can sometimes be eaten. Photo by Ross Robertson / Shorefishes of the tropical eastern Pacific online information system, License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Canthidermis maculata via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. sprawling herb, with erect flowering stems (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3237)

Example: Children take the inflorescence of this plant and use it to find and poke lizards hiding in the bush. For treatment of an unspecified spiritual sickness, chew 2, 2" pieces of the stem to get rid of the sickness, spitting the material on the hair and body of an ill person; use only 1 time.

Scientific name: Cyathula prostrata, Speaker: Martial Wahe

horns

Speaker: Martial Wahe

type of spider

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Dome Web Spider

Example: Photo by givernykate / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Cyrtophora moluccensis via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial wahe

n. 1. kind of tuber pudding baked with edible leaves (nuvas), 2. cup made from rolled young banana leaves, 3. respect, friendship, fellowship

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

my headache (pain)

(Bislama) hed blo mi so.

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. tree, growing in disturbed forest/garden area. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3102)

Example: People use this plant for firewood

Scientific name: Hedycarya dorstenioides, Speaker: Martial Wahe

stage of coconut development

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. mushroom

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n clear sky

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. sapling, 3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4235)

Example: 1. When in flower, it is s a good time to hunt swefa, a type of sea mollusc.

Scientific name: Hedycarya dorstenioides, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. tree, 5 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3226)

Example: This is a "calendar plant," tied to the sea. When it flowers, it is time to harvest sea urchins. The dry wood is used to mke a fire when a person has no matches.

Scientific name: Hedycarya dorstenioides, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. coconut leaf basket

Speaker: Jean Eskar

kind of mushroom

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of tree mushroom

Speaker: Martial Wahe

a type of mushroom, grows on ground or tree

Speaker: Martial Wahe

longtail silver-biddy

Example: Photo by Rainer Kretzberg, License: CC BY 3.0

Scientific name: Gerres longirostris via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5143)

Example: Use this plant to stop the rain, take 4 tips of the plant’s branch and place them in a cross formation, with the tips pointing N, S, W, E, wash them in sea water, and then call for the rain to stop. Hang these tips in a tree with rope for five days. Stem used to weave roof rafter to attach coconut fronds to stick. Young men hunting in bush with slingshots, when run out of stones, use these young fruits to hunt birds.

Scientific name: Meryta neoebudica, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

[karwarwar] thunder

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. hot rocks

Speaker: Martial Wahe

throwing stone (long, cylindrical)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

middle vent in Iasur crater

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Broadbilled Flycatcher

Scientific name: Myiagra caledonica, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5065)

Example: Tricks the rat, sees seeds from bottom, but when climbs herb, can’t see it--so name refers to tricking the rat. If a person drinks too much kava over many years, boil 5-6 whole plant for 15 minutes in water (1.5 L) and put in pot, drink 3 cups, 1x / day for 3 days to detoxify the effects of kava. A person who has drunk too much kava over a long time feels it in the body--weak, hard to wake early, appetite is low, body feels heavy.

Scientific name: Phyllanthus imbricatus, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

kind of breadfruit, medium-sized

Example: Cooked on a low fire as it has very soft flesh. Good tasting variety

Scientific name: Artocarpus altilis, Speaker: Johnson Noar

kind of basket woven with young coconut leaves.

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5117)

Example: The flower stick is cut at both ends and used as a trumpet by the children. The root of this type is poisonous; other types are used as food.

Scientific name: Tacca leontopetaloides, Speaker: Johnson Noar

Oriental sweetlips

Example: Photo by Mark Rosenstein / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Plectorhinchus vittatus via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. canarium nut fruit (variant 2)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

tribe name, lives at Nuwekur

Speaker: Martial Wahe

num ten ("five five")

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5166)

Example: For the kastom ceremonies, this can provide the face paint color yellow. Cut open the ripe fruit and paint directly with this. Prior to artificial colors, people used this for yellow and Bixa orellana for red to paint faces and skin.

Scientific name: Dendrobium, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. liana growing into canopy of dysoxylum, in open (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3034)

Scientific name: Lygodium reticulatum, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

oval handled basket

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n vent in Yasur crater

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5166)

Example: For the kastom ceremonies, this can provide the face paint color yellow. Cut open the ripe fruit and paint directly with this. Prior to artificial colors, people used this for yellow and Bixa orellana for red to paint faces and skin.

Scientific name: Dendrobium, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. herb to 1 m, flowers yellow (collection: Michael J. Balick #4730)

Example: The entire plant is pulled up, the stems bound together and used to make a local broom.

Scientific name: Sida, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5085)

Example: Sawn timber. Open ripe seed with stone or hammer, eat nut inside.

Scientific name: Terminalia catappa, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. almond tree (Terminalia catappa)

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

[kwarenem akwaŋ] n. herb growing on large rock in middle of flowing stream. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3114)

Example: The stem of this plant is a hollow tube, its local name means "inside out." When a person sings a kaostum song, they chew the stem and it is said to give the person a "big" voice. It also helps a person shout and sing loud as it helps to clear the throat.

Scientific name: Youngia japonica, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

[nokukəpran] n. herb growing on large rock in open area, in middle of flowing stream. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3117)

Example: People use this plant to treat heartburn and when they get indigestion. Take the leaf and wrap it with Ficus leaves ("manasus" unclear what species), chew them together and swallow the juice until the pain goes away.

Scientific name: Emilia sonchifolia, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. kind of small plant with fragrant leaves

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. drinking straw (made from immature banana leaves)

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

plant name: kind of weed

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. 1. kind of luminous lichen, fungus, mushroom, 2. sea sponge, 3. soft corals, 4. comb and wattle of a fowl

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5078)

Example: To treat indigestion, take 5 roots from 5 different plants, clean, grate into 600mL bottle of water. Drink one bottle twice daily. In Tanna, people use this plant to make rain, thunder, or to stop the rain. To make rain, take a big pile of this plant’s leaves, tie them in a bundle with a rope, and put into the sea. When the leaves start rotting, usually after one week, the rain will come.

Scientific name: Zingiber zerumbet, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n sunset

Speaker: Martial wahe

Elongate surgeonfish (sea)

Example: Photo by Paddy Ryan / www.ryanphotographic.com, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Acanthurus mata via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

culture hero name

Speaker: Martial Wahe

ant

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. sea hearse tree (Hernandia peltata), has red timber used for posts

(Bislama) napiripiri

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Ambon emperor

Example: Photo by FAO / Fishbase, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Lethrinus amboinensis via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Longspine emperor

Example: Photo by Museum of New Zealand / Te Papa Tongarewa, License: CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Lethrinus genivittatus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Ornate emperor

Example: Photo by Digital Archives of Taiwan / via catalog.digitalarchi License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Lethrinus ornatus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Pacific yellowtail emperor

Example: Photo by Jeffrey T. Williams / Smithsonian Institution, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Lethrinus atkinsoni via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

[namrami:ri] n. tree, 3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3001)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood. Construction: The timber of this plant is used to create any part of a house. It is considered a strong wood. Hunting: Pidgeons are attracted to this plant for their fruit. As a result, hunters gather around this plant when they desire to hunt the pidgeon.

Scientific name: Phyllanthus ciccoides, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. kind of tree, used in canoe construction

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n secret

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[napre:rɨp] n. terrestrial herb, 0.5 to 1 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3028)

Example: Ecological: This plant, which grows near streams, is known to hold water during the dry season. If the plant is harvested, then it is known that the stream will not continue to run. Thus, precaution is taken to keep this plant in good health.

Scientific name: Elatostema macrophyllum, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. banyan growing next to house along main path. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3150)

Example: The bark of this tree is used to make a kastom strap, particularly worn in the Toka Dance, where people have different ranks, and the kastom belt of this bark shows a person’s rank.

Scientific name: Ficus cf. tinctoria, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. large, well branched tree (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4226)

Example: 1. Flying foxes are attracted to the flowers. 2. The bole is used to make end posts of western style houses known as nimah itoga. 3. Wood is used to make axe handles.

Scientific name: Metrosideros collina, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. tree, 7 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3246)

Example: The young stems are used to make rafter of the house. A "calendar plant," when this plant flowers it is a good time to hunt flying fox because during that season they have a great deal of fat. Leaves used in the treatment of male children who have been circumsized. Wrap pieces of coconut with these leaves,heat in fire for 5-10 minutes, squeeze the hot leaf-infused oil all over the body. Children are taken to the sea to bathe and this will help heal the sore when it is put all over the body. It also gives the child a nice smell.

Scientific name: Melicope latifolia, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5077)

Example: Stem used to make canoe. Easy to cut.

Scientific name: Hernandia nymphaeifolia, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. shrub, 2 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2972)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood. Fish Poison: To help catch fish, a bundle of leaves are squeezed and placed in a stream. After some time, the fish appear stunned and are caught.

Scientific name: Leucosyke australis, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. round house

Speaker: Jean Eskar

n my palate (of mouth)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. terrestrial tree, growing in dense cloud forest. flowers white to yellow (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #4214)

Example: 1. The bole of this tree is used to make end posts for cyclone houses (kuipé). It is considered a strong and special wood for this purpose. 2. Stems are used as a traditional digging stick (kaker) when planting taro or kava. A smaller stick is used for the latter. 3. The wood from this tree can be used to make long-lasting fence posts.

Scientific name: Fagraea berteroana, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. tree, 8 m tall

Example: Photo by Martial Wahe

Scientific name: Fagraea berteroana, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. banana leaf, frond

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5077)

Example: Stem used to make canoe. Easy to cut.

Scientific name: Hernandia nymphaeifolia, Speaker: Johnson Noar

name of a traditional road linking villages in South-East Tanna

Speaker: Martial Wahe

yam trellis

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. Pisonia umbrellifera tree, very soft wood, big trunk and branches, has black stinging seed pods

Speaker: Martial Wahe

sweat

Speaker: Martial Wahe

storm

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Asian Magpie Moth

Example: Photo by birdexplorers / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Nyctemera baulus via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Fuscous Swallowtail

Example: Photo by obinfiji / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Papilio fuscus via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial wahe

Spotted Crow Eggfly

Example: Photo by birdexplorers / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Hypolimnas antilope via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial wahe

Tailed Rustic

Example: Photo by obinfiji / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Vagrans egista via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. vine growing up a ficus tree, growing in open forest heavily impacted by cyclone. flowers yellow; fruits brown and fibrous. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3231)

Example: To chase away pigs that invade a person’s garden, wrap leaves of this species around a stick, hit the pig with it and the pig will not return to the garden to eat the crops.

Scientific name: Trichosanthes dieniensis, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. black pig

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v cut

(Bislama) katem

Example: cut hood, or something

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. arrow

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[sap sap] n. herb, 1 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3146)

Example: The leaves of this plant are used as a styptic, to reduce blood flow from a wound and promote faster healing of a sore. If a person has a sore or fresh cut that is oozing, the leaves are mashed and their "juice" is put directly on the affected area, twice daily until the wound is healed.

Scientific name: (comp), Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. kind of sugarcane

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. 1. firefly, (according to Lindstrom 1986, 2. phosphorescent sea algae or fungus)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. herb, 2 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3250)

Example: Children shoot the small hard seeds through a bamboo tube at lizards and butterflies, as a sort of game.

Scientific name: Canna indica, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n my lung

Speaker: Martial wahe

n. shrub, 2-3 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3085)

Example: The leaves of this plant are used to cover the hot stone ovens when cooking lap-lap. The ripe fruit is used to burn as a lap. Take the seeds, impale on the fiber in the middle of a coconut leaf pinnae and light, holding the slender stick and lighting a person’s way.

Scientific name: Ricinus communis, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

Green jobfish

(Bislama) Salmon Fis

Example: Photo by ANFC, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Aprion virescens via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of centipede

Speaker: Martial Wahe