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’Adą́ą́dą́ą́’ shichidí tsé bik’ą́ą́h yíłbą́ą́z.
yesterday 1-car rock 3-against 3-run.P’Ahbínídą́ą́’ hashbį’go baa nídiisdzá ’ákondi t’áadoo ’áłtso da.
morning-past 1-clear.I-GO 3-for 1-start.P however NEG complete NEG
listen
Even though I started clearing the land this morning I didn’t finish.
bookmark- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- hashbį’ clear the landfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ńdiishdááh startfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’ahbínídą́ą́’ this morningfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- -dą́ą́’ past time
- time
- -aa to
- goal
’Ahwééh yishdlį́į́h ’áádóó naanishgóó yishááh.
coffee 3-1-drink.U and.then work-toward 3-1-go.U’Akóyaa ’adah, t’áá baa ’áhólchįįh.
there-down down, just 3-to 2-aware.NI’At’ééd t’áá ’áhánídi ’ółta’ ’éí biniinaa doo hah dah nídiidáah da.
girl just far-at school TOP 3-cause NEG quickly up start-3-go.I NEG
listen
It’s not far to school so the girl takes her time starting off.
bookmark- t’áá ’áhánídi near, nearbyfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- -di at
- ’éí topicfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- -niinaa because of, on account of
- doo expresses negationfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- haa quicklyfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- dah upfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- Imperfective (I) (∅, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- da expresses negationfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
’Awéé’ bimá bit’ah sitį́.
baby 3-mother 3-undercover 3-lying.SPN’Ayóo łį́į́’ shił naalgeed diní, ’ííshją́ą́shį́į́ díí łį́į́chogii bikáá’ dah ńdaah!
very horse 1-with 3-buck.CI 3-2-say.NI lets.see this stallion 3-on up 2-sit.I’Áłah ’aleehdi hastiin léi’ t’óó yááłtih yiits’a’.
meeting-at man INDEF just 3-talk.Prog 3-be.heard.I’Ąąh háá’á wolyéii k’ad doo ’asht’é’égóó bik’ee ntsinisdzá.
credit 3-call.P now neg extremely.neg 3-on-account-of overwhelm.P’Ániid ’iiyą́ą́’ ’áko ndi t’ah dichin nisin.
recently 1-eat.P even then still 3-hungry 1-want.NI
listen
I recently ate even then I am still hungry.
bookmark- ’ániidígo recently, not long agofind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’áko ndi even so, even thenfind in Navajo Conjunction Lexicon
- -t’ah in a recess, pocket or enclosed space, undercover
- Neuter Imperfective (NI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- nisin think, wantfind in Navajo Verb Modes
-lááh
Ałk'idą́ą́' 'éiyá naadą́ą́' ’ayóo k'éédadiilyééh ńt'éé'. Díísh jį́įdi 'éiyá kindi nidahaniih.
long.ago TOP corn very pl-3-1dpl-plant.R past | this day-at TOP store-at pl-3-pass-buy.CI
listen
Long ago, we planted corn. Now, corn is bought at the store.
bookmark- 'éiyá topic markerfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- nit’ee’ pastfind in Navajo Particle Lexicon
- ’ałk’idą́ą́’ long ago, formerlyfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- ’ayóo very, extremelyfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- díísd jį́įdi nowadaysfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- -di at
- Iterative (R)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- Continuative Imperfective (CI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
Béésh náábał dóó haa nízahdi nighan?
windmill and how 3-long.N-at 2-homeCh’ah ’éí doodaii’ nák’ee sinilí łizhinígíí daats’í nee hólǫ́’?
hat or sunglasses perhaps 2-with 4-exist.NICh’óóshdą́ą́dą́ą́’ Na’nízhoozhídi kééhasht’į́ ńt’éé’.
formerly Gallup-at 1-live.I pastChidí bits’ą́ą́’ niiltłago t’óó yíyooyił.
car 3-from 3-stop.P-GO just 3-3-push.ProgDiné nishłį́į ndi Bilaagana bizaad t’éí bee yáshti’.
Navajo 1-be.NI but English language only 3-with 1-speak.IDíí ’ashkii Bilagáana bizaad shá bíbiyiił’aah.
this boy English 3-language 3-2-teach.IDíí yihahígíí biyi’, háísh tówónaanígóó ch’aa deeyá?
this year.IGII within who overseas.GOO travel 3-going.F-QDííshą’ látsíní háádę́ę́’ naa ninídee’?
this-Q bracelet where-from 2-to 3-arrive.PlO.PDziłgóó ’o’ooldee’ yę́ę ná’ooldah.
mountain-to 3-go.pl.P past 3-return.pl.IHa’át’éegishą’ nich’ah nííní’ą́?
where-at-Q 2-hat 3-2-set.down.SRO.PHa’át’éego lá ’íiyisíí ’atiinjį’ ’ańdeeshdááł lá?
how Q main road-up.to 1-back-on-go.F DISCHa’át’íí́sh baa hane’?
What Q 3-for be.told.CIHáadi lá ’ádeiit’į́?
where-at Q pl-3-beMary hádą́ą́’sh ’ólta’dę́ę́’ nádzá?
Mary when-past-Q school-from 3-return.PNa’nízhoozhígóó chídí doo nił dah didoolwoł da.
Gallup-to car NEG 2-with up start-3.drive.F NEG
listen
You will not go to Gallup with the car. (YM 1987: 319)
bookmark- Command, negativefind in Navajo Imperatives
- Futurefind in Navajo Imperatives
- -góó to, toward, along, on, with a numeral it indicates a date
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrasesfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- -ił with
- dah up at an elevation, off, static, holdingfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’oolwoł drivefind in Navajo Verb Modes
Naalyéhé bá hooghandi t’ah doo dá’deelkaałdą́ą́’ nisingo na’ńle’dii tsį́į́ł shiisxį́ (siisxį́).
trading.post-at just NEG 3-PASS-close.I-past 1-think.N-GO dismay speed 1-3-kill.PNaalyéhé bá hooghandi tł’oh hániikai ńt’éé’ ’áníídí yee’ ’ásdįįd lágo ’áadi niikai.
trading.post-at hay 1dpl-go.pl.P past recently very 3-disappear.P DISC-GO there 1dpl-go.pl.PNaʼahóóhai nitsaa bił hoo’aahgóó dóola dííyééł.
rodeo 3-big.NI 3-with areal-space.I-to bull 2-haul.FNichidí lá háadi nííníłbą́ą́z?
2-car where-at-Q 3-2-park.PNił hǫ́zhǫ́ǫ́sh doodaii’ doósh nił hózhǫ́ǫ da?
2-with-happy.NI-Q or neg-Q 2-with happy.NI negŃdíshchíí’ yáázhí bąąh hasis’na’go shił yaa ’ádzaa.
pine.tree little 3-on 1-climb.P-GO 1-with down 3-act.P
listen
The little pinetree bent down with me when I climbed it.
bookmark- -ąąh on, beside
- -ił with
- accompaniment
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- haash’nééh climb up (on hands and knees)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- ’áshnééh actfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- yaa down, downwardfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
Sam ’ádił yálti’.
Sam reflx-with 3-talk.DISáanii ’éétsoh bi’oh ’ádaníłtso.
women coat 3-less.than indef-Pl-3.size.NShicheii t’áá ’íiyisíí hastihgo biniinaa kónááhoot’éhí doo na’ádódlíi da.
1-grandfather very 3-old.N-GO because next.year NEG 3-expect.live.NP NEGShidá’í dóola yilááh ’ábóodziil jiní.
1-Uncle bull 3-greater 3-strong.NI 4-say.PShilééchąą’í yázhí táa’go tsásk’eh yiyaa ’ahííjéé’.
1-dog small three-comp bed 3-under 3-lie.pl.NPShilį́į́’ tł’aaká’ii dóó shilį́į́’ biyéél bił tsodizin ’íishłaa.
1-appaloosa and 1-horse 3-saddle 3-with prayer 3-1-make.PShimá sání t’áá shídin ’ííyá.
Shizhé’é bidá’ák’eh shicheii bidá’ák’eh táadi yilááh ’ánáníłtso.
1-father 3-field 1-grandfather 3-field three-at 3-beyond 3-again-big.NIShínaaí shich’ą́ą́h naaghá.
1-older.brother 1-protect 3-go.CIShínaaí shíká ’adoolwoł nisin ńt’éé’ ’áłt’ąą t’áadoo níyáa da.
1-older.brother 1-for 3-run.F 1-want.NI but after.all NEG 3-come.sg.P NEG
listen
I wanted my older brother to help me but unfortunately he didn’t come.
bookmark- -ká after, for
- benefactive
- Future (F)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- yishwoł run alongfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- Neuter Imperfective (NI)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- nisin think, wantfind in Navajo Verb Modes
- ńt’éé’ relates to past timefind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- ’áłt’ąą after allfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- t’áadoo notfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- doo --- da frame to negativize verbs and phrasesfind in Navajo Adverb Lexicon
- Perfective (P) (yi, ni, si, yi-∅)find in Navajo Verb Modes
- nishááh come, arrivefind in Navajo Verb Modes