Nafe (Kwamera)

v complement, praise

Speaker: Martial wahe

v/a immobile, confined to a mat or bed

Speaker: Martial wahe

v intr urinate

Speaker: Wahe Martial

v/a level, flat (as ground)

Speaker: Martial wahe

v cheer, jeer (as a football team)

Speaker: Wahe Martial

catch the hen

Speaker: Martial wahe

v tie a house post

(Bislama) taetem ol pos blo aos.

Example: see more on Youtube

Speaker: Martial Wahe

pilled yam (skin out)

Speaker: Martial wahe

younger brother

Speaker: Martial Wahe

maggot

Speaker: Martial Wahe

I drink kava

Speaker: Martial Wahe

v I planted kava

(Bislama) mi planem kava

Speaker: Martial Wahe

I shoot an arrow

Speaker: Martial Wahe

chief

Speaker: Martial Wahe

baby

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. ancestor

Speaker: Martial Wahe

adj late

Speaker: Martial wahe

Speaker: Martial wahe

Tiger Cowry

Example: via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Cypraea tigris via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. rake

Speaker: Jean Eskar

horns

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. mushroom

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. long basket made of coconut leaves

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5120)

Example: When parents go away to a feast or garden, children take a pile of soil 12 in. diameter, put this flower on top, surround wth some ashes and then hide in the house to wait to see if the dwarf spirit appears (Karwase Haruase). Sometimes the spirit will come and then scare the children. Ancestors used these spirits and games to teach children to stay together and not wander alone. As the dwarf spirit will take you.

Scientific name: Volkameria inermis, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

Kawiameta moiety

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Triton’s Trumpet

Example: Photo by tonydiver / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Charonia tritonis via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Malabar grouper (deep sea)

Example: Photo by J. E. Randall, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Epinephelus malabaricus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5136)

Example: To tie the wall of a house, strip off leaves and tie fresh to house.

Scientific name: Flagellaria indica, Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. bowstring made from slender banyan tree aerial root

Speaker: Martial Wahe

num five

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n month name (archaic) corresponding to August

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[kwenasənas] n. epiphyte growing on neonauclea forsteri trunk, about 2-3 m above ground (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2977)

Example: Ornamental: The tiny seeds, appearing as a powder, are used to decorate one’s face during kastom ceremonies. The plant is used when the fruit is yellow.

Scientific name: Dendrobium, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. herb to 1 m, flowers yellow (collection: Michael J. Balick #4730)

Example: The entire plant is pulled up, the stems bound together and used to make a local broom.

Scientific name: Sida, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

[nokukəpran] n. herb growing on large rock in open area, in middle of flowing stream. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3117)

Example: People use this plant to treat heartburn and when they get indigestion. Take the leaf and wrap it with Ficus leaves ("manasus" unclear what species), chew them together and swallow the juice until the pain goes away.

Scientific name: Emilia sonchifolia, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

club, used for dancing

Speaker: Martial Wahe

flute

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. mango

(Bislama) magko

Scientific name: Bislama, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

[the spelling "mahk" was transcribed by Goerg Forster on Capitain Cook’s 1774 visit t] Tanna ground dove (extinct species)

listening

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Giant trevally (deep sea)

Example: Photo by ANFC, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Caranx ignobilis via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Pink squirrelfish

Example: Photo by Jeffrey T. Williams / Smithsonian Institution, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Sargocentron tiereoides via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

adj ripe (for example, a pineapple or banana)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Peregrine falcon

Scientific name: Falco peregrinus, Speaker: Martial Wahe

blue fish

Speaker: Martial Wahe

type of ceremony

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[nam nak] n. tree, 6-8 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3152)

Scientific name: Crateva religiosa, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

Yellow-striped sweetlips (male)

Example: Photo by Graham Edgar / Reef Life Survey. License: CC BY 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Plectorhinchus chrysotaenia via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. species of coconut with reddish nuts

Speaker: Martial Wahe

type of coconut leaf sheath with thick fibres used to strain kava (see nenha)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

tattoo

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. terrestrial herb, 0.8 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3068)

Example: People use this to make a broom, by cutting the roots and tying a bundle of stems together. The leaves fall off naturally and this is used as a broom.

Scientific name: Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5091)

Example: When the fruit is ripe, it is put in a pot with water. Fill half of a large bag (2 liters) with fruit, add this to 2 liters of water and macerate the fruit in the water. Drink 2 cups/day of this extract, morning and afternoon, for one week to make skin oily when it is too dry. This is necessary, for example, when a person drinks too much kava and thir skin dries out. Eat young fruits as a protection from someone who wants to do you harm. It is said that the fruit has 10 eyes, and can watch after you. Cover fish with leaves to cook in a fire. Crush and boil pieces of the stem and leaves and

Scientific name: Morinda citrifolia, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

kind of plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5063)

Speaker: Johnson Noar

two days from the present

Speaker: Martial Wahe

[maka:rwa] n. liana growing on trunk of hedycarya dorstenioides, in dense forest along ridge. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3004)

Example: Hunting: Flying foxes are attracted to this plant for their red fruits. As a result, hunters gather around this plant when they desire to hunt the flying fox.

Scientific name: Piper austrocaledonicum, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. breadfruit

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

pig killing stick

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. type of flowering plant (collection: Michael J. Balick #5145)

Example: Cut branches, dry in the sun until the leaves fall out, and then tie branches together to make broom. Stem used for canoe outrigger.

Scientific name: Murraya paniculata, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

wind

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of laplap (food)

Example: see more on Youtube

n. well branched tree, 8 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3149)

Example: When young boys are circumcized, the leaf is mashed and rubbed on the skin of the boys who are sleeping in the nakamal--and mix with coconut oil to help hold it on the body. Said to help the person have better, smoother skin.

Scientific name: Murraya, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. aromatic shrub (Evodia?), the leaves of which men and women wear during ceremonial events

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. 1. kind of tree (from which combs are carved), 2. comb

Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. small tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3132)

Example: Straight stem used for spear shaft

Scientific name: Tapeinosperma, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

n. tree growing along ridge track in disturbed forest, next to garden area. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #2979)

Example: Fuel: Dry portions of this plant are used as firewood.

Scientific name: Melochia odorata, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. liana growing into the canopy of dense forest. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3046)

Example: Agricultural: When it is time to harvest the first crop of yam (~ April 1st), the 1st yam (’Nuk’) is put inside the hole from where it was harvested with one or two green leaves of this plant.

Scientific name: Oxera lehuntei, Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. fur of mouse or rat

Speaker: Martial Wahe

dance

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. herb growing on roadside along coast road. (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3169)

Example: This plant is used by dogs who have an upset stomach. They go to eat this grass and then their stomachs feel better. Pigs feed on this grass.

Scientific name: Eleusine indica, Speaker: Emmanuel Maasi

kind of yam, produces a tuber with a white flesh and red skin. It is easy to grow

Example: Soft when cooked

Scientific name: Dioscorea spp., Speaker: Johnson Noar

plant part to be identified used for tying

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of banana

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of kava with short branches

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. fish poison tree

Speaker: Martial Wahe

reef, growing coral

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Three-Stripe Fusilier

Example: Photo by Mark Rosenstein / iNaturalist.org, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Pterocaesio trilineata via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

word, speech, talking

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n. kind of tree (used for hosue rafters)

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Humphead wrasse (female)

Example: Photo by Anne Hoggett / Lizard Island Research Station, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Cheilinus undulatus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

Fluted Giant Clam

Example: Photo by tonydiver / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Tridacna squamosa via inaturalist.org, Speaker: Martial wahe

Blue-barred parrotfish

Example: Photo by J. E. Randall, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Scarus ghobban via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

Painted sweelip, dotted sweetlips (male)

Example: Photo by John Turnbull, License: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Plectorhinchus picus via FishBase, Speaker: Martial Wahe

brother

Speaker: Martial Wahe

my young brother

Speaker: Wahe Martial

n. kind of Tahitian chestnut

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Reef needlefish

Example: Photo by ANFC, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Strongylura incisa via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

[ʰrawɨs] grass skirt

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of banana, a regular sized banana; very sweet

Scientific name: Musa spp., Speaker: Johnson Noar

yam mound

Speaker: Martial Wahe

n my stomach

Speaker: Martial wahe

hors fly

Speaker: Martial wahe

Yellowtail barracuda

Example: Photo by ANFC, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via Fishes of Australia

Scientific name: Sphyraena obtusata via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

n. foreskin

Speaker: Martial Wahe

kind of yam, produces a tuber with white flesh and is said to be the original yam from this place on Tanna. It is harder to grow than many yams

Example: There is a story that an evil spirit stole this yam during the time of the ancestors, taking it from this area to the other side of the volcano. Because the spirit took the best part of the yam, leaving the worst part, this one became hard to grow

Scientific name: Dioscorea spp., Speaker: Johnson Noar

n. tree, 30 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3238)

Example: This tree is a source of good, hard wood. It is used to make children’s bows as well as for house construction.

Scientific name: Dysoxylum aneityense, Speaker: Martial Wahe

[təkrowus] n. once-branched tree, 4 m tall (collection: Gregory M. Plunkett #3139)

Example: Stem used to plant kava (use it like a spade) but even when you have a spade, you should still use this to dig the hole. The leaf is used to make laplap, a food made from taro or yam with coconut and other foods added. Take the leaf and wrap the laplap and then roast the package on the fire or cook the leaf in a pot of water.

Scientific name: Cordyline fruticosa, Speaker: Jean Pascal Wahe

n. inalienable 1. classifier word for supporting aerial roots (as of a banyan, pandanus), 2. thorn

Speaker: Martial Wahe

Twosaddle goatfish

Example: Photo by J. E. Randall, License: CC BY-NC 3.0 via FishBase

Scientific name: Parupeneus insularis via FishBase, Speaker: Chief Nalau Nasip & Martial Wahe

v. to whisper

Speaker: David Harrison