Gutob English

[many.times=abl dem.prox story rdpl~tell=obj I think=1 aux=pst.i] ‘I have tried to tell you this story many times before’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[now=abl I obj-you.pl=pl=obj tell=pst.ii-1 aux=fut] ‘I will have told you all by now’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[now=abl obj-we cold rdpl~lv neg.cop] ‘we will have not had a cold yet’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[yet pig obj-we rdpl~bite neg.cop] ‘the pigs are not biting us yet’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[yet man=pl obj-you rdpl~see=pl neg.cop] ‘the men were not looking at you’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[yet I pig=pl=obj rdpl~eat=obj neg=give=1] ‘I will not give food to the pigs yet’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

hunter

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

hold anothers feet (vb.)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

different

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

others

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

others

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

tool type

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

various flower types

Speaker: Radha Kirsani

white hair

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[see.exprssv.rdpl lv-mod-pl] ‘Look at each other’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

incense stand

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

its = pl

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Excess heated

Speaker: Radha Kirsani

rice, paste of

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

[pig obj-we both=obj rdpl~bite neg.cop] ‘the pigs are biting us two’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

Able be

Speaker: Komla Sisa

Destroyed to be

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

[woman dem.prox=gen obj-I rdpl~give neg.cop] ‘the woman isn’t giving it to me’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

tell a story (vb.)

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[branch rdpl~break neg.cop aux=npst] ‘the branch was not breaking’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

tie paddy

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Dig

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

shatter (vb.)

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

tie with rope

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

Cot leg

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

tickle (vb.)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

note (v)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

[man now/yet=emph rdpl~eat neg.cop] ‘the man has not (yet) eaten’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[man branch-obj rdpl~break neg.cop] ‘the man doesn’t break the branch’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[3pron rdpl~drunk aux=pst.i] ‘he was drunk’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[3pron dem.prox=gen man=pl=obj rdpl~give neg.cop] ‘she will not have seen the men’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

big, be

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

school, middle

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

we two are maternal uncle and nephew

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[we obj=you.pl=pl=obj push=1pl aux=npst] ‘we have pushed you’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I=gen right hand wash.hand=fut=1] ‘I (will) wash my right hand’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

wife of father’s brother

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

Aunty (mother’s younger sister)

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I one time obj-you see=npst=1] ‘if only I might see you one time’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I every.day wash.hand=pst.i=1=prog] ‘I wash myself every day’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I self rdpl~see=1 neg.cop] ‘I’m not looking at myself’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[I obj-you now=abl rdpl~see=1 neg.cop aux=pst.i] ‘I was not looking at you yet’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I obj-you see=pst.ii=mod see=npst=1 neg=see=pst.ii=mod neg.cop] ‘I can see you ; I can not see you’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I see=pst.ii=1 cncssv/causal I rdpl~say neg.cop] ‘although I saw the man, I did not tell him’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I see=pst.ii=1=prog] ‘I am looking at her’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I market=dir go=pst.i=nfin pig buy=pst.ii=nfin come=fut=1] ‘I will go to the market, buy a pig and come back’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[I rdpl~know=1 neg.cop you dem.dist man=obj see=pst.ii=2] ‘I don’t know that you saw the man’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[I know-pst.ii aux=npst=1 dem.dist man=obj rdpl~see=2 neg.cop] ‘I know that you did not see the man’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[I know=pst.ii=1 aux=npst dem.dist man-obj you see=pst.ii aux=fut=2] ‘I know that you will see the man’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[I self rdpl~see=1 aux-pst.i] ‘I was looking at myself’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[you and obj-I rdpl~drunk=1pl aux=npst] ‘you+I have been drunk’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[you=gen hand neg=wash.hand] ‘don’t wash your hands! (said to one person)’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[when=indef/emph market=dir go=pst.i=mod pig buy] ‘when you go the market, buy a pig’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

[obj-we story rdpl~tell=obj give.imp=pl] ‘let us tell the story’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[dem.dist=gen you.pl=gen father 3pron=gen word rdpl~hold good] ‘because he is your father, you must obey him’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

make set off

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

spread (bed etc.) (vb.)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Dance in which boys and girls dance together

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

suffer from foot sore (vb.)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Almost half

Speaker: Komla Sisa

lesson

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

[you yet obj-I rdpl~see=2pl neg.cop aux=pst.i] ‘you all were not looking at me yet’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[you.pl both drunk rdpl~lv=2pl neg.cop] ‘you two won’t be drunk’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[you.pl obj-we neg=fear=fut=2pl] ‘you will have not been scared of us’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

next month

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

fulfill

Speaker: Bondu Kirsani

supporter

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

interpreter

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

Comb (v.)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

lark

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

sour taste

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

wasp species iving in trees

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Have something dried up by someone else

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

leg, press by

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

make another pinch (vb.)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

salutation (by raising hand or touching feet)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Dissolved be (vb)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

[dem.dist man-obj you see=pst.ii=mod aux=pst.ii=nfin obj-I rdpl~say=2 neg.cop] ‘if you see the man, don’t tell me’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[dem.dist man-obj you see=pst.ii aux=pst.ii=mod=nfin obj-I rdpl~say=2 neg.cop] ‘if you see the man, don’t tell me’

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

[which person you=gen name rdpl~say neg.cop obj-3pron see=pl] ‘The man I did not tell your name to saw me’

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

Guard (village)

Speaker: Radha Kirsani

sugarcane

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

scarf

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

Fetch water from a flowing or falling source

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

make water subside (vb.)

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

water snake

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

late, be

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

Dash to

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Drizzle

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

set tightly

Speaker: Tonkhodhar Sisa

Born be (vb.)

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

Argue to

Speaker: Tonkodhar Sisa

polish(ing)

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

I wonder

Speaker: Kamla Sisa

think and speak (vb.)

Speaker: Kamla Sisa